基于能值分析的北方典型生态农场循环模式研究

发布时间：2018-08-12 08:28

【摘要】：发展以沼气为核心的生态循环经济,是改善农村生态环境与调整能源消费结构的有效途径。文章以黑龙江海林农场为例,运用能值分析理论,对反映海林生态农场"牛-沼气-玉米"循环系统的平均能值自给率、净能值产出率、环境负载率和可持续发展指标进行了分析与评价。研究结果表明:该生态系统的环境负载率为0.529,是2000年国内农业系统环境负载率平均值的25.96%,这说明海林生态系统的自我维持能力较强;可持续发展指标为1.02,表明该系统具有强大的可持续发展能力;能值自给率和净能值产出率较小,分别为0.395和0.54,仅为2000年国内农业系统能值自给率平均值的44.14%和净能值产出率平均值的19.44%。综合评价各项指标后发现,虽然海林沼气生态系统的生物降解能力较强、可持续发展潜力巨大,但资源开发利用程度较低,市场竞争力较弱。海林农场的循坏经济模式是典型的北方农业循环发展模式,在加强高附加值产品开发、适当延伸产业链后,具有较好的应用价值和发展前景。
[Abstract]:It is an effective way to improve the rural ecological environment and adjust the energy consumption structure to develop the eco-recycling economy with biogas as the core. Taking Heilongjiang Hailin Farm as an example, the paper applies the theory of emergy analysis to reflect the average energy self-sufficiency rate and net emergy output rate of the circulation system of "cattle, biogas and corn" in the ecological farm of Hailin. Environmental load rate and sustainable development index were analyzed and evaluated. The results showed that the environmental load rate of the ecosystem was 0.529, which was 25.96% of the average value of the domestic agricultural system in 2000, which indicated that the self-sustaining ability of the sea forest ecosystem was strong. The sustainable development index is 1.02, which indicates that the system has strong sustainable development ability, and the emergy self-sufficiency rate and net emergy output ratio are small. It is only 44.14% of the average value of energy self-sufficiency rate of domestic agricultural system in 2000 and 19.4445% of the average value of net emergy output rate. After comprehensive evaluation, it was found that although the biogas ecosystem of sea forest had strong biodegradability and great potential for sustainable development, the degree of exploitation and utilization of resources was low, and the market competitiveness was weak. The bad economic model of Hailin Farm is a typical agricultural cycle development model in North China. After strengthening the development of high value-added products and extending the industrial chain properly, it has good application value and development prospect.
【作者单位】：哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院;辽宁工业大学化学与环境工程学院;锦州市环境监测中心站;
【基金】：中国博士后科学基金项目(2014M561361) 黑龙江省博士后基金项目(LBH-Z14113) 辽宁省博士科研启动基金项目(201501124) 黑龙江垦区“十三五”规划项目(2015024)
【分类号】：F324.1;S181

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