基于地形因子的长白山高山苔原土理化性质空间差异

发布时间：2018-08-14 09:03

【摘要】：为说明长白山高山苔原土壤理化性质的空间差异,并为反演长白山高山苔原变化过程提供基础数据,在长白山苔原带选取132个土壤采样点,提取海拔、坡度、坡向、坡位4个地形维度;测定13项土壤理化指标,对其进行变异分析、相关分析及因子分析;对土壤理化指标与地形维度进行回归分析和冗余分析。结果表明:(1)长白山高山苔原土的有机质和速效养分含量均较高,有机质含量为22.96%;土壤偏酸性,p H平均值为4.86;去除砾石后土壤颗粒组成中,粉粒含量最高,沙粒次之,黏粒再次。各理化性质指标之间存在较高的相关性,经过因子分析,将13个理化性质转化为无机养分供应因子、颗粒组成因子、有机养分供应因子。(2)海拔主要影响土壤的养分供应因子,包括无机养分和有机养分,在研究区海拔范围内(2049~2239 m),与养分含量呈正相关;坡度主要影响土壤的有机养分供应因子,与养分含量呈负相关;坡位主要影响颗粒组成因子。(3)冗余分析结果表明,海拔、坡度、坡向、坡位4个地形因子能解释42.8%的土壤理化性质变化,第一轴解释了28.2%的变化信息,第二轴解释了14.6%的变化信息。在长白山苔原带,影响土壤理化性质空间分异的主要地形因子是海拔和坡度。
[Abstract]:In order to explain the spatial difference of soil physical and chemical properties in the tundra of Changbai Mountain, and to provide basic data for retrieving the changing process of the tundra in Changbai Mountain, 132 soil sampling points were selected in the tundra belt of Changbai Mountain to extract elevation, slope and direction. There were 4 topographic dimensions in slope position, 13 soil physical and chemical indexes were measured, and the variation, correlation and factor analysis were carried out, and regression analysis and redundancy analysis were carried out on soil physicochemical indexes and topographic dimensions. The results are as follows: (1) the content of organic matter and available nutrients in alpine tundra soil of Changbai Mountain is higher, the content of organic matter is 22.96, the mean value of soil pH is 4.86; after removing gravel, the content of silt is the highest, the sand is the second, and the clay is again. Through factor analysis, 13 physicochemical properties were transformed into inorganic nutrient supply factor, particle composition factor and organic nutrient supply factor. (2) elevation mainly affected soil nutrient supply factor. Both inorganic and organic nutrients were positively correlated with the nutrient content in the study area (2049 ~ 2239 m), and the slope mainly affected the soil organic nutrient supply factor, which was negatively correlated with the nutrient content. (3) the results of redundancy analysis showed that four topographic factors, such as elevation, slope, slope direction and slope position, could explain 42.8% of the changes of soil physical and chemical properties, and the first axis explained 28.2% of the change information. The second axis explains 14. 6% of the variation information. In the tundra of Changbai Mountain, the main topographic factors affecting the spatial differentiation of soil physicochemical properties are elevation and slope.
【作者单位】：东北师范大学地理科学学院;
【基金】：长白山科学研究院开放基金项目(201501) 国家自然科学基金项目(41571078和41171072)资助
【分类号】：S153

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