湘西植烟土壤主要养分区域分布及其关系研究

发布时间：2018-08-16 12:51

【摘要】：为了解湘西烟区植烟土壤主要养分的区域分布状况以及它们之间的关系,检测了湘西州主要烟区488个土壤样本的pH、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量,采用基本统计特征分析、方差分析等方法分析了湘西州植烟土壤主要养分的区域分布特征,采用回归分析方法研究了植烟土壤pH、有机质与碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾的关系。主要研究结论如下：(1)植烟土壤pH：①湘西烟区植烟土壤pH变幅为3.87-7.25,平均值为5.86,总体适宜；②保靖县植烟土壤pH显著高于古丈县、花垣县、永顺县、凤凰县和泸溪县等县,龙山县植烟土壤pH显著高于古丈县；③植烟土壤pH处于适宜的土壤样本占72.75%；④灰黄土、灰黄泥、灰黄棕土等植烟土壤类型的pH显著高于水稻土；⑤湘西州植烟土壤pH有随海拔升高而升高的趋势。(2)植烟土壤有机质：①湘西烟区植烟土壤有机质含量变幅为3.12-62.97g/kg,平均值为21.69g/kg,总体适宜；②永顺县和凤凰县的植烟土壤有机质含量极显著高于花垣县、保靖县和古丈县等县,但花垣县植烟土壤有机质含量极显著低于龙山县；③植烟土壤有机质含量处于适宜范围内的样本占41.48%；④水稻土、灰黄棕土的有机质含量显著高于红壤、灰黄土；⑤湘西州植烟土壤有机质含量有随海拔升高而升高的趋势；⑥植烟土壤有机质有随pH升高而升高的变化趋势。(3)植烟土壤碱解氮：①湘西烟区植烟土壤碱解氮含量变幅为10.80-209.41mg/kg,平均值为97.37mg/kg,处于较低水平；②保靖县、永顺县植烟土壤碱解氮含量极显著低于凤凰县；③湘西烟区植烟土壤碱解氮含量处于适宜范围内的样本有27.16%；④浅灰黄泥的碱解氮含量极显著高于红壤、石灰土、灰黄土；灰黄土、黄壤、水稻土、灰黄泥、灰黄棕土的碱解氮含量极显著高于红壤、石灰土；⑤植烟土壤碱解氮含量与海拔高度关系不明显；⑥植烟土壤碱解氮有随pH升高而减少的变化趋势；⑦植烟土壤碱解氮有随有机质升高而升高的变化趋势。(4)植烟土壤有效磷：①湘西烟区植烟土壤有效磷含量变幅为2.21～141.61mg/kg,平均值为35.35mg/kg,处于较高水平；②龙山县植烟土壤有效磷含量极显著高于除龙山县以外的各县；③湘西烟区植烟土壤有效磷含量处于适宜范围内的样本占25.93%；④黄棕壤土壤的有效磷含量极显著地高于水稻土、石灰土、红壤、红灰土；⑤湘西烟区植烟土壤有效磷含量的高低有随海拔高度的升高而增高的趋势；⑥植烟土壤有效磷有随pH升高而升高的变化趋势；⑦植烟土壤有机质与有效磷存在2次曲线关系。(5)植烟土壤速效钾：①湘西烟区植烟土壤速效钾含量变幅在22.59-533.33mg/kg,平均值为183.68 mg/kg,总体上处于适宜水平；②永顺县、龙山县植烟土壤速效钾含量极显著高于泸溪县、凤凰县、花垣县和古丈县等县,且保靖县植烟土壤速效钾含量极显著高于泸溪县、花垣县和凤凰县等县；凤凰县植烟土壤速效钾含量极显著高于泸溪县；③湘西州植烟土壤速效钾含量处于适宜范围内的样本为27.10%；④黄棕壤的速效钾含量高于其他土壤类型；⑤植烟土壤速效钾含量有随海拔的升高而升高的趋势；⑥植烟土壤速效钾含量有随pH的升高而升高的趋势；⑦植烟土壤速效钾含量有随有机质含量的升高而升高的趋势。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the regional distribution of main nutrients in tobacco-growing soils in Western Hunan and the relationship between them, the contents of pH, organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in 488 soil samples from main tobacco-growing areas in Western Hunan were measured. The main nutrients in tobacco-growing soils in Western Hunan were analyzed by means of basic statistical characteristics analysis and variance analysis. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Soil pH of tobacco planting is 3.87-7.25, with an average value of 5.86, which is generally suitable for tobacco planting in Western Hunan; and (2) Soil pH of tobacco planting in Baojing County is significantly higher than that in Guzhang County and Huayuan County. In Yongshun County, Fenghuang County and Luxi County, the pH of tobacco planting soil in Longshan County was significantly higher than that in Guzhang County; (3) The pH of tobacco planting soil in suitable soil samples accounted for 72.75%; (4) The pH of tobacco planting soil types such as lime-loess, lime-yellow mud and lime-yellow-brown soil was significantly higher than that of paddy soil; (2) The pH of tobacco planting soil in Xiangxi County increased with the elevation. Soil organic matter: 1. The range of tobacco planting soil organic matter content in Xiangxi tobacco-growing areas was 3.12-62.97 g/kg, with an average of 21.69 g/kg, which was generally suitable; 2. The content of tobacco planting soil organic matter in Yongshun and Fenghuang counties was significantly higher than that in Huayuan, Baojing and Guzhang counties, but the content of tobacco planting soil organic matter in Huayuan county was significantly lower than that in Longshan county; The organic matter content of tobacco planting soils was 41.48%. The organic matter content of paddy soils was significantly higher than that of red soils and grey loess. _The organic matter content of tobacco planting soils in Xiangxi Prefecture increased with altitude. _The organic matter content of tobacco planting soils increased with the increase of pH. Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen (ALN) in tobacco-growing soils of Western Hunan ranged from 10.80 mg/kg to 209.41 mg/kg, with an average value of 97.37 mg/kg, which was at a lower level; the contents of ALN in tobacco-growing soils of Baojing County and Yongshun County were significantly lower than those of Fenghuang County; the contents of ALN in tobacco-growing soils of Western Hunan were 27.16% in the appropriate range; and the contents of ALN in tobacco-growing soils of shallow gray The content of alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen in soil was significantly higher than that in red soil, lime soil and lime loess; the content of alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen in lime loess, yellow soil, paddy soil, lime yellow soil and lime yellow brown soil was significantly higher than that in red soil and lime soil; _The relationship between the content of alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen in tobacco planting soil and altitude was not obvious; _The alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen in tobacco planting soil decreased with the increase of pH; (4) available phosphorus in tobacco-growing soils: 1) the content of available phosphorus in tobacco-growing soils in Western Hunan ranged from 2.21 mg/kg to 141.61 mg/kg, with an average value of 35.35 mg/kg, which was at a higher level; 2) the content of available phosphorus in tobacco-growing soils in Longshan County was significantly higher than that in other counties except Longshan County; The available phosphorus content of tobacco planting soils in Western Hunan tobacco-growing areas was 25.93%. The available phosphorus content of yellow brown soil was significantly higher than that of paddy soil, lime soil, red soil and red lime soil. _The available phosphorus content of tobacco planting soils in Western Hunan tobacco-growing areas increased with the elevation. (5) Soil available potassium in tobacco-growing areas in Western Hunan Province: The range of soil available potassium content in tobacco-growing areas ranged from 22.59 mg/kg to 533.33 mg/kg, with an average value of 183.68 mg/kg, which was in an appropriate level on the whole; (2) Soil available potassium content in tobacco-growing areas in Yongshun County and Longshan County The content of available potassium in tobacco-planting soil in Baojing County was significantly higher than that in Luxi County, Huayuan County and Fenghuang County; the content of available potassium in tobacco-planting soil in Fenghuang County was significantly higher than that in Luxi County; the content of available potassium in tobacco-planting soil in Xiangxi County was 27.10%. (4) The content of available potassium in yellow brown soil was higher than that in other soil types; _The content of available potassium in tobacco-planting soil increased with the elevation; _The content of available potassium in tobacco-planting soil increased with the increase of pH; _The content of available potassium in tobacco-planting soil increased with the increase of organic matter content.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S572;S158

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