除草剂氟乐灵及其降解过程对斑马鱼氧化应激状况的影响

发布时间：2018-08-29 12:12

【摘要】：氟乐灵是一种在水产养殖中应用广泛的除草剂。该农药的使用不仅对鱼类具有毒性作用,也可以在水产品的体内残留蓄积,已经日益受到国内外的关注。在氟乐灵使用过程中,农药原体可通过物理、化学或生物的方法得到一定程度的降解。因此,了解水产养殖水体环境中氟乐灵降解过程中可能存在的毒性风险,对保护水产养殖生物和人类健康显得尤为重要。本文研究了氟乐灵在降解过程中(化学降解、生物降解及化学-微生物协同降解)对鱼体内反映氧化应激状况的超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,简称SOD)和丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,简称MDA)两种指标的影响,对氟乐灵降解过程可能产生的毒性进行评价。研究结果显示,采用化学、微生物以及化学-微生物协同作用等3种方式对养殖水体中一定浓度的氟乐灵(0.05 mg·L~(-1))进行降解,降解过程未引起受试鱼类的死亡,鱼类未表现出行为异常或形态改变。在对照组中,鱼类SOD活性和MDA含量范围分别维持在41.87~42.54 U·mg~(-1)和1.85~1.89 nmol·mg~(-1),而在降解组中鱼类SOD活性和MDA含量没有发生显著变化,即没有对鱼类造成显著的氧化损伤。结果表明,在水产养殖过程中应注意氟乐灵的使用剂量,以低于0.05mg·L~(-1)为佳,也应通过后续的氧化剂和微生物降解及时去除残留在水体中的过量的氟乐灵,以有效避免养殖生物产生氧化损伤。该研究可为氟乐灵降解过程中的风险隐患防控提供理论依据。
[Abstract]:Trifluridine is a widely used herbicide in aquaculture. The use of this pesticide not only has toxic effect on fish, but also can accumulate in aquatic products, which has been paid more and more attention at home and abroad. Pesticide can be degraded to a certain extent by physical, chemical or biological methods during the use of trifluridine. Therefore, it is very important to understand the possible toxic risks in the degradation of florazone in aquatic environment for the protection of aquaculture organisms and human health. The effects of trifluridine (chemical degradation, biodegradation and chemical-microbial co-degradation) on two indexes of superoxide dismutase (Superoxide dismutase,) and malondialdehyde (MDA), which reflect oxidative stress in fish, were studied in this paper. The potential toxicity of trifluridine degradation was evaluated. The results showed that chemical, microbial and chemical-microbial synergistic effects were used to degrade a certain concentration of flurazone (0.05 mg L ~ (-1) in cultured water, and the degradation process did not result in the death of fish. Fish did not show abnormal behavior or morphological changes. In the control group, the range of SOD activity and MDA content remained at 41.8742.54 U mg~ (-1) and 1.85U 1.89 nmol mg~ (-1), respectively, but there was no significant change in the fish SOD activity and MDA content in the degradation group, that is, no significant oxidative damage was caused to the fish. The results showed that the dosage of triflurazone should be paid attention to in the process of aquaculture, which should be lower than that of 0.05mg L-1, and the excessive amount of flurazone remaining in the water should be removed in time through the subsequent degradation of oxidant and microorganism. In order to effectively avoid oxidative damage caused by aquaculture organisms. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of hidden risks in the process of florazone degradation.
【作者单位】：中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心;农业部水产品质量安全环境因子风险评估实验室(无锡);农业部水产品质量安全控制重点实验室;江苏省无锡市农业委员会;
【基金】：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201503108) 农业部财政项目“水产品质量安全风险评估”(GJFP2016009)
【分类号】：X592

【相似文献】