锌肥种类和施用方式对土壤锌形态及有效性的影响

发布时间：2018-08-30 09:27

【摘要】：【目的】探索谷类作物适宜的锌肥种类及施用方式,为高效土施锌肥提供参考。【方法】设置连续两季小麦田间定位试验,以不施锌肥为对照,选取ZnEDTA(4kg/hm~2)和ZnSO_4(20kg/hm~2)2种锌源,采用均施和条施2种施锌方式,比较不同锌肥以不同方式施入土壤后,在连续两季小麦种植过程中土壤Zn形态的转化规律及有效性的差异。【结果】与均施锌肥相比,条施ZnEDTA和ZnSO_42种锌肥后,在第1季土壤有效锌、交换态锌、松结有机态锌的增加率分别为20.87%和374.03%,3 497.36%和1 077.39%,41.14%和256.38%,第2季增加效果有所降低;与4kg/hm~2 ZnEDTA处理相比,20kg/hm~2 ZnSO_4处理采用均施和条施2种方式均可以增加土壤有效锌及松结有机态锌、碳酸盐结合态锌含量,且两季的增加效果均较好,但与第1季相比,第2季的效果极大降低;ZnEDTA处理均施和条施均可在第1季保持较高的交换态锌含量(平均为0.26mg/kg),而在第2季该形态锌大部分被固定(平均含量为0.02mg/kg)。【结论】条施较低量的ZnEDTA可有效增加当季作物土壤中的有效锌含量,但对后季作物生长过程中土壤有效锌含量的提升效果较小。
[Abstract]:[objective] to explore the suitable zinc fertilizer types and application methods for cereal crops, and to provide a reference for the application of zinc fertilizer in high-efficiency soil. [methods] two successive wheat field localizing experiments were conducted. Two zinc sources, ZnEDTA (4kg/hm~2) and ZnSO_4 (20kg/hm~2), were selected as control. In this paper, the transformation law and availability of soil Zn forms in two successive cropping wheat crops were compared by applying zinc fertilizer in two different ways. [results] compared with average zinc fertilizer, the transformation law and efficiency of soil Zn forms in two successive cropping wheat planting processes were compared with that of average zinc fertilizer. After ZnEDTA and ZnSO_42 were applied with zinc fertilizer, the increase rates of available zinc, exchangeable zinc and loose organic zinc in the first season were 20.87% and 374.033.497.36% and 1 077.3941.14% and 256.38%, respectively. Compared with 4kg/hm~2 ZnEDTA treatment, 20 kg 路hm ~ (-2) ZnSO_4 treatment could increase soil available zinc, loose organic zinc and carbonate bound zinc, and the effect of both treatments was better than that of the first season, but compared with the first season, the two treatments could increase the content of available zinc, organic zinc and carbonate-bound zinc, but compared with the first season, the two treatments could increase the content of soil available zinc and carbonate bound zinc, but compared with the first season. The effect of the second season greatly reduced the content of exchangeable zinc (0.26mg/kg) in the first season, but most of the zinc was fixed (0.02mg/kg) in the second season. [conclusion] the rate of strip application is lower. [conclusion] The amount of ZnEDTA can effectively increase the available zinc content in the crop soil of the current season. However, the effect of increasing soil available zinc content in the later crop growth process was relatively small.
【作者单位】：西北农林科技大学资源环境学院农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41371288) 国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B11)
【分类号】：S153.6;S512.1

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