农田生态系统碳足迹时空变化——以河南省为例

发布时间：2018-09-19 12:41

【摘要】：农田生态系统是陆地生态系统的重要组成部分,起着碳源和碳汇的双重作用,对维持整个生态系统碳平衡具有重要意义.本文基于Arc GIS 10.1、SPSS 20.0、Sigmaplot 12.5等分析平台,以农田生态系统为研究对象,构建农田生态系统碳足迹模型,分析2005—2014年河南省农田生态系统碳排放、碳吸收和碳足迹及三者之间的关系.结果表明:2005—2014年,研究区碳排放年平均增长率为2.7%,其中因化肥施用引起的碳排放量占总碳排放量的比例最高,占66.2%,且化肥的使用强度为890.38 kg·hm~(-2),远高于发达国家公认的安全警戒线225kg·hm~(-2).河南省农田生态系统的碳总储量整体呈逐年上升趋势,其中,小麦的碳吸收比例最高,占总吸收量的60%,水稻的碳吸收增速最快,为7.9%.河南省农田生态系统存在碳生态盈余,且农田生态系统碳足迹总体呈现不断增加趋势,农田生态系统碳足迹占同期生产性土地面积(耕地)的平均比例为5.7%.研究区碳排放、碳吸收、碳足迹的空间变化较为一致,均呈现东南多、西北少的空间分布规律,且地区差异及变化幅度差异较大是三者的最主要外部特征.
[Abstract]:Farmland ecosystem is an important part of terrestrial ecosystem, which plays a dual role of carbon source and carbon sink, and plays an important role in maintaining the carbon balance of the whole ecosystem. Based on the analysis platform of Arc GIS 10.1 and SPSS 20.0 Sigmaplot 12.5, the carbon footprint model of farmland ecosystem was constructed to analyze the relationship among carbon emission, carbon absorption, carbon footprint and carbon footprint of farmland ecosystem in Henan Province from 2005 to 2014. The results showed that the average annual growth rate of carbon emissions in the study area was 2.7 from 2005 to 2014, with the highest proportion of carbon emissions due to fertilizer application. The application intensity of chemical fertilizer was 890.38 kg hm~ (-2), which was much higher than that of 225kg hm~ (-2), which was recognized as a safe warning line in developed countries. The total carbon storage of farmland ecosystem in Henan Province is on the rise year by year. Among them, wheat has the highest carbon absorption ratio, accounting for 60% of the total carbon absorption, and rice has the fastest carbon absorption growth rate (7.9%). There is carbon ecological surplus in farmland ecosystem of Henan Province, and the carbon footprint of farmland ecosystem is increasing. The average proportion of carbon footprint of farmland ecosystem to productive land area (cultivated land) in the same period is 5.7%. The spatial variation of carbon emission, carbon absorption and carbon footprint in the study area is consistent, showing the spatial distribution law of more in southeast and less in northwest, and the main external characteristics of the three areas are regional difference and variation range.
【作者单位】：河南大学环境与规划学院;中原经济区"三化"协调发展河南省协同创新中心;中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41601175) 河南省哲学社会科学规划项目(2014CJJ016) 河南省基础与前沿技术研究计划项目(152300410067) 河南省高校科技创新团队支持计划项目(16IRTSTHN012)资助~~
【分类号】：S181

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