微生物菌剂对水稻土土壤微生物数量及酶活性的影响
发布时间：2018-10-12 12:35
【摘要】：通过对哈尔滨双城区稻花香施用微生物菌剂与不施用微生物菌剂做比较、单施一种微生物菌剂与两种微生物菌剂配施做比较,研究了微生物菌剂对水稻土土壤微生物数量、酶活性、生物量及速效养分的影响。主要结论如下:(1)双微肥和土壤磷素活化剂都能够增加土壤细菌数量,且两种肥料配施产生协同作用,使得土壤细菌数量在A3P2处理下达到最大值。双微肥减少了土壤真菌的数量,而土壤磷素活化剂却能够增加土壤真菌数量,土壤真菌数量的最大值出现在P2处理。双微肥对增加土壤放线菌数量效果显著,土壤磷素活化剂也能够增加放线菌数量。两种微生物菌剂配施后能够协同促进土壤放线菌数量的增加,A3P2处理下土壤放线菌最多。(2)施用微生物肥后,除成熟期外,土壤脲酶活性在A3处理达到最强。土壤磷素活化剂同样能够增强土壤脲酶活性,但效果没有双微肥显著。两种微生物菌剂都能够增强土壤蔗糖酶活性,最佳施肥处理分别为A1和P1,且土壤磷素活化剂对蔗糖酶的影响较大。两种肥料配施产生协同作用,最适施肥量是A3P2处理;三种施肥方式在分蘖盛期、抽穗初期和抽穗末期对土壤酸性磷酸酶活性影响均不大,但到了成熟期,施肥量与土壤酸性磷酸酶活性强度呈正相关。且土壤磷素活化剂对其影响最大,两种微生物菌剂配施其次。(3)两种微生物菌剂均能提高生物量C,双微肥在成熟期效果最为显著,在A3处理下达到最大值。而土壤磷素活化剂在抽穗末期和成熟期生物量C提高较多,在P2处理下达到最大值,且双微肥的效果比磷素活化剂明显。生物量C的最大值出现在A3P1处理。两种微生物菌剂都能提高生物量N,最佳施肥处理分别为A3和P2。且与双微肥相较,土壤磷素活化剂效果较为明显。两种微生物菌剂配施产生协同作用,对生物量N的提高有很大作用,且在A3P2处理下生物量N提高最多。(4)双微肥能够提高土壤碱解氮含量,土壤碱解氮含量在抽穗初期最大值出现在A3处理上,其他三个时期含量在A2处理下达到最大值。施用土壤磷素活化剂后,分蘖盛期和抽穗初期在P1处理下土壤碱解氮含量提高最多,在抽穗末期及成熟期时,P1、P2处理下土壤碱解氮含量均有所提高。两种肥料配施后产生协同作用;施用双微肥后除抽穗末期外,其余三个时期在A1处理下土壤速效磷含量最高,抽穗末期在的最优施肥量为A2处理,土壤磷素活化剂的最优施入量为P1处理。两种微生物菌剂配施能够更大程度上提高土壤速效磷含量;双微肥的施入能够显著提高土壤速效钾含量,最适施肥量为A1处理。土壤磷素活化剂不能提高土壤速效钾含量。两种肥料配施的处理土壤速效钾含量比单施双微肥的处理含量低;
[Abstract]:The amount of microorganism in paddy soil was studied by comparing the application of microbial bacteria with that of non-microorganism in Shuangcheng area of Harbin, and the combination of only one microorganism and two microbiological agents. Effects of enzyme activity, biomass and available nutrients. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) double microfertilizer and soil phosphorus activator can increase the number of soil bacteria, and the synergistic effect between the two fertilizers can make the number of soil bacteria reach the maximum in A3P2 treatment. Double microelement fertilizer reduced the number of soil fungi, while soil phosphorus activator increased the number of soil fungi, and the maximum number of soil fungi appeared in P2 treatment. The effect of double microelement fertilizer on increasing soil actinomycetes was significant, and soil phosphorus activator could also increase the number of actinomycetes. The combination of two microbial agents could promote the increase of soil actinomycetes, and the soil actinomycetes increased most under A3P2 treatment. (2) after applying microbial fertilizer, the soil urease activity reached the highest in A3 treatment. Soil phosphorus activator also enhanced soil urease activity, but the effect was not significant. The soil sucrose enzyme activity was enhanced by two kinds of microbial bacteria agents. The optimum fertilization treatments were A1 and P1, respectively, and the soil phosphorus activator had a great effect on the sucrase activity. The optimum fertilization rate was A3P2 treatment, and the three fertilization methods had little effect on soil acid phosphatase activity at the peak tillering stage, early heading stage and late heading stage, but at the mature stage. There was a positive correlation between the amount of fertilizer and the activity of acid phosphatase in soil. Soil phosphorus activator had the greatest effect on it. (3) both microorganism bacteria agents could increase the biomass of C, and the effect of double microelement fertilizer was the most significant in maturing stage, and reached the maximum value in A3 treatment. The biomass C of soil phosphorus activator increased more at the end of heading and ripening, and reached the maximum in P2 treatment, and the effect of double microelement fertilizer was more obvious than that of phosphorus activator. The maximum biomass C appeared in A3P1 treatment. Both microbial agents could increase biomass N, and the optimum fertilization treatments were A3 and P2respectively. Compared with double microelement fertilizer, the effect of soil phosphorus activator is obvious. The synergistic effect of the two microbial agents on the increase of biomass N was significant, and the biomass N increased most under A3P2 treatment. (4) double microelement fertilizer could increase the content of alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen in soil. Soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content appeared in A3 treatment at the early heading stage, and reached the maximum in A2 treatment in the other three periods. After application of soil phosphorus activator, soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content increased most in tillering peak stage and early heading stage under P1 treatment, and increased under P1P 2 treatment at late heading stage and ripening stage. In addition to the late heading stage, the soil available phosphorus content was the highest in A1 treatment, and the optimum fertilization amount at the late heading stage was A2. The optimum application amount of soil phosphorus activator was P1 treatment. Combined application of two microbial bacteria agents could increase the content of available phosphorus in soil to a greater extent, and the application of double microelement fertilizer could significantly increase the content of available potassium in soil, and the optimum fertilization rate was A1 treatment. Soil phosphorus activator can not increase soil available potassium content. The content of available potassium in soil treated with two kinds of fertilizers combined with two kinds of fertilizer was lower than that with single application of double micro-fertilizer.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S154;S144
本文编号：2266131
[Abstract]:The amount of microorganism in paddy soil was studied by comparing the application of microbial bacteria with that of non-microorganism in Shuangcheng area of Harbin, and the combination of only one microorganism and two microbiological agents. Effects of enzyme activity, biomass and available nutrients. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) double microfertilizer and soil phosphorus activator can increase the number of soil bacteria, and the synergistic effect between the two fertilizers can make the number of soil bacteria reach the maximum in A3P2 treatment. Double microelement fertilizer reduced the number of soil fungi, while soil phosphorus activator increased the number of soil fungi, and the maximum number of soil fungi appeared in P2 treatment. The effect of double microelement fertilizer on increasing soil actinomycetes was significant, and soil phosphorus activator could also increase the number of actinomycetes. The combination of two microbial agents could promote the increase of soil actinomycetes, and the soil actinomycetes increased most under A3P2 treatment. (2) after applying microbial fertilizer, the soil urease activity reached the highest in A3 treatment. Soil phosphorus activator also enhanced soil urease activity, but the effect was not significant. The soil sucrose enzyme activity was enhanced by two kinds of microbial bacteria agents. The optimum fertilization treatments were A1 and P1, respectively, and the soil phosphorus activator had a great effect on the sucrase activity. The optimum fertilization rate was A3P2 treatment, and the three fertilization methods had little effect on soil acid phosphatase activity at the peak tillering stage, early heading stage and late heading stage, but at the mature stage. There was a positive correlation between the amount of fertilizer and the activity of acid phosphatase in soil. Soil phosphorus activator had the greatest effect on it. (3) both microorganism bacteria agents could increase the biomass of C, and the effect of double microelement fertilizer was the most significant in maturing stage, and reached the maximum value in A3 treatment. The biomass C of soil phosphorus activator increased more at the end of heading and ripening, and reached the maximum in P2 treatment, and the effect of double microelement fertilizer was more obvious than that of phosphorus activator. The maximum biomass C appeared in A3P1 treatment. Both microbial agents could increase biomass N, and the optimum fertilization treatments were A3 and P2respectively. Compared with double microelement fertilizer, the effect of soil phosphorus activator is obvious. The synergistic effect of the two microbial agents on the increase of biomass N was significant, and the biomass N increased most under A3P2 treatment. (4) double microelement fertilizer could increase the content of alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen in soil. Soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content appeared in A3 treatment at the early heading stage, and reached the maximum in A2 treatment in the other three periods. After application of soil phosphorus activator, soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content increased most in tillering peak stage and early heading stage under P1 treatment, and increased under P1P 2 treatment at late heading stage and ripening stage. In addition to the late heading stage, the soil available phosphorus content was the highest in A1 treatment, and the optimum fertilization amount at the late heading stage was A2. The optimum application amount of soil phosphorus activator was P1 treatment. Combined application of two microbial bacteria agents could increase the content of available phosphorus in soil to a greater extent, and the application of double microelement fertilizer could significantly increase the content of available potassium in soil, and the optimum fertilization rate was A1 treatment. Soil phosphorus activator can not increase soil available potassium content. The content of available potassium in soil treated with two kinds of fertilizers combined with two kinds of fertilizer was lower than that with single application of double micro-fertilizer.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S154;S144
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