长期试验条件下褐土地力贡献率的演变特征及其影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-10-15 16:48

【摘要】：褐土是中国小麦与玉米产区的主要土壤类型之一,土壤地力贡献率显著影响作物产量。为了探明我国褐土土壤地力贡献率演变特征,科学合理地指导褐土土壤管理和施肥,分析了25年(1988~2013年)来长期施肥条件下褐土小麦和玉米地力贡献率的演变特征,并运用通径分析对影响土壤地力贡献率的各个因素进行了分析,结果表明:褐土区小麦和玉米产量的土壤地力贡献率分别为51.6%和54.5%,我国东北一年一熟制玉米褐土,耕地地力逐步下降,经过大约9年和6年明显下降,稳定在40%~60%左右,我国华北一年二熟制小麦褐土,耕地地力逐步下降,经过10年左右的下降,基本稳定在12%~44%左右。通径分析进一步证明,土壤有效磷、速效钾和土壤有机质对玉米地力贡献率影响最大,土壤有效磷贡献率最高,说明土壤有效磷、速效钾以及土壤有机质是褐土区基础地力的主要影响因素,是褐土区土壤地力主要评价指标。
[Abstract]:Cinnamon soil is one of the main soil types in wheat and maize producing areas in China. The contribution rate of soil fertility significantly affects crop yield. In order to find out the evolution characteristics of soil fertility contribution rate in cinnamon soil in China, and to guide soil management and fertilization scientifically and reasonably, this paper analyzed the evolution characteristics of wheat and maize contribution rate in cinnamon soil under the condition of long-term fertilization for 25 years (1988-2013). The results showed that the soil fertility contribution rates of wheat and maize yield were 51.6% and 54.5% respectively in the cinnamon soil area, and the yield rate was 51.6% and 54.5% respectively in the cinnamon soil area, and the maize cinnamon soil was cooked once a year in the northeast of China. The cultivated land fertility decreased gradually, after about 9 years and 6 years, it was stable at about 40% and 60%, and the cultivated land fertility decreased gradually in North China. After about 10 years of decline, it was basically stable at about 12 0% and 44%. Path analysis further proved that the contribution rate of soil available phosphorus, available potassium and soil organic matter to maize field was the largest, and the contribution rate of soil available phosphorus was the highest, which indicated that soil available phosphorus. Available potassium and soil organic matter are the main influencing factors of basic soil fertility in cinnamon soil area and the main evaluation index of soil fertility in cinnamon soil area.
【作者单位】：中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所;全国农技推广中心;
【分类号】：S158

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