植被恢复对重金属污染土壤有机质及团聚体特征的影响

发布时间：2018-10-17 11:11

【摘要】：采用田间原位试验,研究了不同植被恢复3年对重金属污染土壤有机碳及团聚体结构和稳定性的影响,评价了不同植物修复效果的差异,为农田重金属污染土壤修复中,合理选择植被类型,以及建立评价标准提供理论依据。在某Cu,Cd重度污染农田建立田间小区,施加钝化材料石灰(对照除外)后种植海州香薷(ME),伴矿景天(MS)和巨菌草(MP)3种植物,3年的田间原位修复试验后,分析各处理下土壤有机质含,0.25 mm机械稳定性团聚体(DR_(0.25))和水稳定性(WR_(0.25))团聚体含量,团聚体平均质量直径(MWD),几何平均直径(GMD),团聚体稳定率(AR,%)和分形维数(D)等团聚体稳定性指标。结果表明,3年植被恢复后,3种植被处理均提高了土壤有机质含量,提高幅度为2.89%~5.39%,并提高了0.25mm机械稳定性团聚体(DR_(0.25))和水稳定性(WR_(0.25))团聚体含量,提高幅度分别为2.89%~5.39%,6.64%~10.40%和13.34%~17.48%。3种植物处理均可以显著提高土壤机械稳定性团聚体和水稳性团聚体的平均质量直径(MWD)和几何平均直径(GMD),其中以巨菌草处理提高幅度最大。在团聚体稳定性方面,3种植物处理均可以提高团聚体的稳定率(AR,%),以海州香薷处理提高幅度最大;植物处理可以显著降低土壤机械稳定性团聚体的分形维数(D),但对水稳定性团聚体的分形维数没有明显的影响。综上所述,采用钝化加原位植物修复可以提高重金属重度污染农田的有机质含量和土壤团聚体的稳定性,改善土壤结构,可以在重金属重度污染土壤修复中推广应用。
[Abstract]:In situ field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different vegetation restoration on organic carbon and aggregate structure and stability of heavy metal contaminated soils for 3 years, and to evaluate the differences of remediation effects of different plants, which were used in remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils in farmland. Reasonable selection of vegetation types and establishment of evaluation criteria provide theoretical basis. A field plot was established in a heavily polluted field of Cu,Cd. Three species of plants, (ME), of Elsholtzia splendens and (MS) of Jingtian and (MP) of Giant fungus, were planted after application of passivating material lime (except for control). After 3 years of in situ remediation experiment, three species of plants were planted. Soil organic matter content, DR_ (0. 25) and water stability (WR_ (0. 25) aggregates, average mass diameter (MWD), geometric mean diameter (GMD),) stability rate (AR,%) and fractal dimension (D) of aggregates were analyzed. The results showed that after 3 years of vegetation restoration, the content of soil organic matter was increased by 2.89%, and the content of DR_ (0.25) and water stable (WR_ (0.25) of 0.25mm were increased. The average mass diameters (MWD) and geometric mean diameters (GMD),) of soil mechanical stability aggregates and water-stable aggregates were significantly increased by 2.89 ~ 5.39% and 13.34 ~ 17.48.3 plant treatments, respectively. In the aspect of agglomeration stability, the stability rate (AR,%) of agglomerates was increased by three plant treatments, and the treatment of Elsholtzia splendens in Haizhou was the most effective. Plant treatment could significantly reduce the fractal dimension of soil mechanical stability aggregates (D), but had no significant effect on the fractal dimension of water stable aggregates. In conclusion, passivation and in-situ phytoremediation can improve the content of organic matter and the stability of soil aggregates, and improve the soil structure, which can be widely used in heavy metal contaminated soil remediation.
【作者单位】：中国科学院南京土壤研究所;中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室;中国科学院大学;国家红壤改良工程技术研究中心中国科学院红壤生态试验站;安徽理工大学地球与环境学院;长安大学环境科学与工程学院;江西省重金属污染生态修复工程技术研究中心;
【基金】：国家“973计划”课题(2013CB934302) 国家科技支撑计划课题(2015BAD05B01) 国家自然科学基金(41571461);国家自然科学基金重点项目(41601340)资助
【分类号】：S153.6;X53

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