基于区位条件的鄱阳县农村居民点整理模式选择研究

发布时间：2018-10-22 07:17

【摘要】：农村居民点整理在土地整治工作中是一个极其重要的部分,也逐渐成为将来城乡统筹发展,新农村建设的必然选择结果,由于其对于农村居民点的优化以及耕地占补平衡的突出作用便成为土地整治工作的重点。农村居民点整理模式选择的研究,为村庄规划提供重要的理论依据及指导作用。为了保障农业的可持续发展,切实有效的保护耕地,必须落实有效的措施,限制居民点的继续粗放扩张建设,结合村镇规划的约束指导,开展居民点整理是保护耕地的有利途径。在国内外理论与实践研究的基础上,本文以江西省鄱阳县为例,通过文献综述法对农村居民点整理的理论进行总结分析,并通过实地调研,借助GIS空间分析统计等工具,对鄱阳县农村居民点的现状及存在问题进行研究分析,并以此为基础对农村居民点的区位条件进行评价,并选择适合本区域的居民点整理模式。对鄱阳县农村居民点的整理模式进行研究所得到的结果如下:(1)总结概括鄱阳县土地利用现状的主要特征:县域内的耕地质量逐渐降低,农地基础设施落后;环鄱阳湖地区灾害频繁,土地利用结构不稳定;宜耕土地后备资源缺乏,开发潜力小。(2)通过采用Voronoi图Cv值法、最邻近距离法、分散指数法对鄱阳县农村居民点的空间分布特征进行研究分析,结果表明:鄱阳县大部分乡镇的农村居民点空间分布呈现集群分布,也有较少部分乡镇的居民点分布相对比较分散。(3)对影响鄱阳县农村居民点的各个区位因素进行分析,构建鄱阳县农村居民点区位评价指标体系,对全县7406个农村居民点图斑的区位条件分析评价,并将评价结果划分为5个等级。总体来看,南部的居民点区位优于北部,随着区位评价等级的下降,农村居民点斑块数量及面积都逐渐减少。一级的面积最大,为6125.40hm2,占居民点总面积的29.16%;二级的居民点斑块数最多,为1870个,占居民点斑块总数的25.25%;而五级的居民点斑块数及面积均最小,所占比例分别仅为13.23%和7.18%。(4)在农村居民点斑块评价结果的基础上,运用面积加权方法汇总到各个行政村,将鄱阳县529个行政村划分为5个等级。总体来看,南部区位等级高于北部,其中南部及中部偏西北部的行政村处于一级,而北部较偏远的行政村处于五级。各等级的面积从高到低逐渐减少,其中一级面积最大,为90203.95hm2,占总净评价面积的25.77%,五级面积最小,所占比例为13.54%。从行政村个数来看,随着等级的降低行政村也逐渐减少,其中一级的行政村个数最多,为176个,占行政村总数的33.27%,五级的行政村最少,仅为26个,比重仅为4.91%。(5)从村庄发展、组织管理、资金筹措三个层面总结我国的农村居民点整理模式。在区位评价结果基础上,结合鄱阳县的实际情况,将农村居民点整理模式划分为五种,分别为:城镇化发展模式、改造发展模式、内部挖潜模式、迁村并点模式、整体迁移模式。其中,城镇化发展模式主要为县城或乡镇附近的行政村,共涉及到18个乡镇的92个行政村;改造发展模式和内部挖潜模式适用范围最广,几乎涉及所有乡镇;而整体迁移模式基本针对比较偏远或者山区区位条件较差的行政村,共计61个。
[Abstract]:The arrangement of rural residential areas is an extremely important part in the work of land improvement, and it gradually becomes the inevitable choice of urban and rural integrated development and new rural construction. Because of its optimization of rural settlements and the outstanding role of cultivated land accounting for compensation balance, it has become the focus of land reclamation. The research on the selection of the arrangement mode of rural residential area provides an important theoretical basis and guidance for the village planning. In order to guarantee the sustainable development of agriculture and effective protection of cultivated land, effective measures must be put in place to restrict the continuous and extensive expansion of residential areas and to combine the constraints of village planning, and to carry out settlement arrangement is an advantageous way to protect the cultivated land. Based on the research of theory and practice at home and abroad, this paper summarizes the theory of rural residential area arrangement by the literature review method, summarizes and analyzes the theory of rural residential area arrangement through the literature review method, and makes use of GIS spatial analysis statistics and other tools through field investigation. The present situation and existing problems of rural residential area in Jiyang County were studied and analyzed, and the location condition of rural residential area was evaluated on the basis of this, and the residential area arrangement model suitable for the region was selected. The results are as follows: (1) The main characteristics of land use status in Guyang County are summarized as follows: (1) The main characteristics of land use status in Guyang County are summarized: the cultivated land quality in the county is gradually reduced, the agricultural land infrastructure is backward, and the disasters in the lake area are frequent. Land use structure is not stable; it is advisable to cultivate land reserve resources and have small development potential. (2) By adopting the Voronoi Diagram Cv value method, the nearest neighbor distance method and the dispersion index method, the spatial distribution characteristics of the rural residential area in Jiyang County were studied and analyzed. The distribution of settlements in small towns is relatively scattered. (3) The location condition analysis and evaluation of 7406 rural residential area map spots in the county were analyzed, and the evaluation results were divided into 5 grades. Overall, the residential area in the south is superior to that of the north, with the decrease of location evaluation level, the number and area of patches in rural residential areas gradually decrease. The largest area at the first level is 6125. 40hm2, accounting for 29.16% of the total area of the residential area; the largest number of residential patches in the second level is 1870, accounting for 25.25% of the total number of residential patches; and the number of patches and areas of the five-level residential areas are minimum, accounting for 13.23% and 7.18% respectively. (4) Based on the evaluation results of rural residential area patches, the area-weighted method is applied to each administrative village, and 529 administrative villages in Jiyang County are divided into five grades. In general, the level of the south is higher than in the north, of which the administrative villages in the south and north-west are at the first level, while the remote administrative villages in the north are in five levels. The area of each grade gradually decreases from high to low, of which the largest area of primary area is 90203. 95hm2, accounting for 25.77% of the total net evaluation area, and the fifth grade area is the smallest, accounting for 13.54%. From the number of administrative villages, with the decrease of the administrative villages, the administrative villages at the first level are the largest, accounting for 33. 27% of the total number of administrative villages, the administrative villages of the five levels are the fewest, only 26, and the specific gravity is only 4.91%. (5) From the three aspects of village development, organization management and financing, we summarize our country's rural residential area arrangement mode. Based on the results of regional evaluation, combined with the actual situation of Yangyang County, the paper divides the arrangement mode of rural residential area into five types: urbanization development model, reconstruction development model, internal excavation potential model, relocation village, point mode and whole migration mode. Among them, the urbanization development mode is mainly the administrative village near the county or town, involving 92 administrative villages in 18 towns; The overall migration pattern is basically aimed at the relatively remote or mountainous areas with poor location, total 61.
【学位授予单位】：江西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F301.3;F323.22

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