林下药材植物淋出物对太白杨枯落物分解及土壤酶活性的影响

发布时间：2018-10-22 09:03

【摘要】：林下种植药材植物是提高林地经济收入的有效途径,然而药材植物淋出物是否会对林木枯落物分解和土壤产生化感影响是必须考虑的重要问题,也是构建科学合理的林药复合模式的关键。以秦岭山区典型太白杨(Populus purdomii)林以及9种常见林下药材植物为对象,通过以药材植物茎叶淋出物(水浸提法)喷浇林木枯落物的分解模拟试验,研究了药材植物淋出物对太白杨枯落物分解、养分释放及土壤酶活性的潜在化感影响。结果表明:蒲公英(Taraxacum mongolicum)浸提液处理后太白杨枯落物分解周转期和半衰期分别延长了230%和29%,薄荷(Mentha haplocalyx)处理后分解周转期和半衰期分别延长了67%和23%,鱼腥草(Houttuynia cordata)处理后分解周转期和半衰期分别延长了120%和34%;且这3种药材植物对太白杨枯落物分解过程中养分(C、N、P、K、Cu、Zn和Mn)释放和土壤酶(蔗糖酶、羧甲基纤维素酶、β-葡糖苷酶、脱氢酶、多酚氧化酶、蛋白酶和磷酸酶)活性均有显著抑制作用。因此,建议在太白杨林下应该尽量避免种植蒲公英、薄荷和鱼腥草,或者通过降低套种密度来减少药材植物的化感影响。
[Abstract]:Planting medicinal plants under the forest is an effective way to increase the economic income of forest land. However, it is important to consider whether the leachate of medicinal plants will affect the decomposition of forest litter and the allelopathy of soil. It is also the key to construct a scientific and reasonable compound model of forest and medicine. Taking the typical (Populus purdomii) forest of Pinus tabulaeformis in Qinling Mountain area and 9 common medicinal plants under the forest as the objects, the decomposition simulation experiment was carried out by spraying the plant stem and leaf leachate (water leaching extraction) on the litter of forest trees. The effects of plant leachate on decomposition of litter, nutrient release and soil enzyme activity were studied. The results showed that the decomposition cycle and half-life of the litter of Poplar Taibai were prolonged by 230% and 29% after (Taraxacum mongolicum) extract treatment, 67% and 23% longer by menthol (Mentha haplocalyx) treatment and 23% by (Houttuynia cordata) treatment, respectively. The post-decomposition cycle period and half-life were prolonged by 120% and 34%, respectively, and the nutrient (C ~ (2 +) N ~ (2 +) and Mn (soil enzyme) were released during the decomposition of litter of Populus tabulaeformis. The activities of carboxymethyl cellulase, 尾 -glucosidase, dehydrogenase, polyphenol oxidase, protease and phosphatase were all significantly inhibited. Therefore, it is suggested that the cultivation of dandelion, mint and houttuynia should be avoided under Taibai Yang Lin, or the allelopathy of medicinal plants should be reduced by reducing the interplanting density.
【作者单位】：西北农林科技大学林学院;西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所;西北农林科技大学资源环境学院;农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(30471376) 西北农林科技大学大学生创新实验计划项目(2015年)资助~~
【分类号】：S714

【相似文献】