典型黑土垄作区耕地沟蚀对土壤养分的影响研究

发布时间：2018-11-03 12:10

【摘要】：近年来东北黑土区沟蚀吞食耕地现象加剧,养分流失、耕地质量下降等问题凸显。以宾县的糖坊镇和三宝乡为研究区,综合"3S"技术和统计学的模型方法,对研究区沟蚀对土壤中有机质、全氮、全磷和速效钾含量的影响及不同垄向耕作下沟蚀对各养分的影响及差异展开研究。其中横垄种植指作物垄的方向和地块坡向方向成垂直的种植方式,顺垄种植是作物垄的方向和地块坡向方向平行的种植方式。结果表明:沟蚀对土壤养分含量影响较大,有机质和全氮含量较无侵蚀区分别减少33.43%和46.67%,速效钾与全磷含量则变化不明显,在沟蚀区进行秸秆覆盖能够有效减少土壤养分的流失。沟蚀在造成养分含量下降的同时,也影响了土壤的理化结构,降低了土壤中有机质和全氮含量之间的相关性。横垄沟蚀、顺垄沟蚀及无沟蚀对照组土壤有机质和全氮含量大小均表现为无沟蚀区顺垄沟蚀jk垄沟蚀。无侵蚀区土壤养分含量最高,沟蚀区顺垄耕作较横垄耕作更具保肥意义。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the phenomenon of gully erosion and swallowing of cultivated land in the black soil region of Northeast China has become more serious, such as nutrient loss and quality decline of cultivated land. Taking Tangfang Town and Zanbao Township in Binxian County as study areas, combined with "3s" technique and statistical model method, the furrow erosion and soil organic matter and total nitrogen in the study area were studied. The effects of total phosphorus and available potassium contents and the effects and differences of furrow erosion on nutrients under different ridge tillage were studied. The horizontal ridge planting refers to the planting way in which the direction of the crop ridge and the slope direction of the plot is vertical, and the cultivation along the ridge is parallel to the direction of the field ridge and the slope direction of the plot. The results showed that the soil nutrient content was greatly affected by furrow erosion. The contents of organic matter and total nitrogen decreased 33.43% and 46.67%, respectively, while the available potassium and total phosphorus contents did not change significantly. Straw mulching in gully erosion area can effectively reduce soil nutrient loss. Furrow erosion not only caused the decrease of nutrient content, but also affected the physical and chemical structure of soil, and reduced the correlation between organic matter and total nitrogen content in soil. The content of soil organic matter and total nitrogen in the control groups of transverse ridge erosion, downstream erosion and non-trench erosion showed that the content of soil organic matter and total nitrogen in the control group was the same as the jk ridge erosion in the non-trench erosion area. Soil nutrient content was the highest in no erosion area, and furrow tillage was more significant than cross ridge tillage.
【作者单位】：东北农业大学资源与环境学院;
【基金】：黑龙江省教育厅科学技术项目(12531035) 黑龙江省重点实验室开放项目(ht2012-10)资助
【分类号】：S157.1;S158

【相似文献】