基于产量的稻田肥力质量评价及障碍因子区划——以进贤县为例

发布时间：2018-11-03 14:17

【摘要】：土壤肥力质量评价及土壤肥力障碍因子分析,对于区域土壤利用和改良、指导农业生产结构布局具有重要意义。以江西省进贤县为研究区,通过水稻遥感解译测产,结合主成分分析进行土壤质量评价;采用综合指数法表征土壤肥力质量水平,分析该区域低肥力质量区域主要障碍因素,并进行障碍因子区划。结果表明,该地区土壤肥力质量评价的最小数据集(MDS)指标包括:有机质、阳离子交换量(CEC)、全钾(TK)、交换性钙(Ex.Ca)、容重、粉黏比;土壤质量综合指数与水稻产量相关系数达到0.73(p0.01),以当地水稻平均产量7.215 t hm~(-2)确定土壤质量综合指数阈值为0.65。分析得出,该地区影响土壤肥力的主要障碍包括有机质含量低和容重较大反映的低熟化度障碍、中量元素缺乏反映的酸化障碍、全钾含量低和高粉黏比反映的结构障碍等。根据障碍因素将研究区域划分为三大障碍区:东南部丘陵区主要障碍因子为酸化和土壤结构障碍;中西部低岗平原主要为土壤酸化障碍;北部滨湖区主要障碍为水稻土熟化程度低。通过对不同区域施行针对性改良措施有益于提高土壤肥力。
[Abstract]:The evaluation of soil fertility quality and the analysis of soil fertility barrier factors are of great significance for regional soil utilization and improvement and for guiding the distribution of agricultural production structure. Taking Jinxian County of Jiangxi Province as the research area, soil quality evaluation was carried out by means of rice remote sensing interpretation and yield measurement combined with principal component analysis (PCA). The comprehensive index method was used to characterize the soil fertility quality level, and the main obstacle factors in the low fertility quality area were analyzed, and the barrier factor regionalization was carried out. The results showed that the minimum data set (MDS) index of soil fertility quality evaluation in this area included organic matter, (CEC), total potassium (TK), exchangeable calcium (Ex.Ca), bulk density and powder viscosity ratio. The correlation coefficient between soil quality comprehensive index and rice yield was 0. 73 (p0. 01). The threshold value of soil quality comprehensive index was 7.215 t hm~ (-2). It is concluded that the main obstacles affecting soil fertility in this area include low organic matter content and low maturation reflected by bulk density, low acidification barrier due to lack of medium amount elements, low total potassium content and structural obstacles reflected by high powder viscosity ratio, etc. According to the obstacle factors, the study area is divided into three major obstacle areas: acidification and soil structure obstacles in the southeastern hilly region, soil acidification barriers in the low hillock plain of the central and western part of China; The main obstacle in the northern littoral region is the low degree of ripening of paddy soil. It is beneficial to improve soil fertility by carrying out targeted improvement measures in different regions.
【作者单位】：中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(南京土壤研究所);中国科学院大学;南京市环境保护科学研究院;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD05B05)资助~~
【分类号】：S158

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