石羊河地区生态补偿对农户减贫作用的分析
发布时间：2018-11-06 10:18
【摘要】：贫困作为困扰世界各国发展的全球性问题,是当今世界各国面临的最严峻的挑战之一,更是当今世界各国面临的共同目标和任务。围绕破解我国扶贫开发中的深层次矛盾和问题,国内已经形成的以精准扶贫为核心的扶贫开发重要战略思想,是我国扶贫开发的重大理论创新。扶贫工作,直接关系着数千万人民的福祉,关系2020年全面建成小康社会的目标能否实现。我国大部分地区,尤其是生态脆弱区在面临着贫困问题的同时,也面临着较为严重的生态问题。因此我国对这些生态脆弱的区域施行生态补偿,以期实现生态环境改善的目标。石羊河地区扼守着河西走廊的门户,是我国内陆河流域中人口最密集、水资源开发利用程度最高、用水矛盾最突出、生态环境问题最严重的流域之一。由环境恶化所造成的石羊河流域农户贫穷问题凸显,生态补偿以其经济手段对农户减轻贫困也具有十分重要的作用。石羊河地区的生态补偿对该地区农户减贫作用的研究,对确保石羊河流域可持续发展,推动农户转型,理论指导实践具有重要作用。论文归纳总结了石羊河地区生态补偿与减轻贫困的相关研究进展,分析了石羊河地区环境与贫困的关系,量化了生态补偿实践对农户贫困的广度、深度和强度的影响,探讨了现金补偿、技术补偿等主要补偿方式的减贫的效果,得到了以下主要结论:(1)现金补偿的基尼系数对总收入基尼系数的贡献度为2.10%,现金补偿收入来源在总收入中所占比重9.19%,现金补偿对于总收入的边际效应为-0.07,表示现金补偿的增加在一定程度上使农民收入更均衡。(2)通过参与生态补偿项目,农户获得现金补偿,贫困发生率降低了0.09,贫困强度下降了0.34,贫困深度下降了0.18。(3)通过统计软件分析,在影响技术减贫效果的主观因素中,技术的了解程度和技术对收入的影响这两个因素表现出来较强的显著性;在影响技术减贫效果的个性因素中,年龄和受教育程度这两个因素则体现出较强的显著性。最后根据结论提出了完善石羊河地区生态补偿机制,合理利用多种生态补偿方式,制定合理的石羊河流域生态补偿法规,合理调整产业结构,生态工人等绿色岗位的设置政策建议。
[Abstract]:Poverty, as a global problem puzzling the development of all countries in the world, is one of the most severe challenges facing all countries in the world today, and it is also the common goal and task facing all countries in the world today. Focusing on solving the deep-level contradictions and problems in the development of poverty alleviation in China, the important strategic idea of poverty alleviation and development with precision poverty reduction as the core has been formed in China, which is an important theoretical innovation of poverty alleviation and development in China. Poverty alleviation is directly related to the well-being of tens of millions of people and whether the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way by 2020 can be realized. Most areas of our country, especially the ecological fragile areas, are facing the problem of poverty, but also the serious ecological problems. Therefore, our country carries out ecological compensation to these fragile ecological regions in order to achieve the goal of ecological environment improvement. Shiyang River is one of the most densely populated watersheds, the highest exploitation and utilization of water resources, the most prominent contradiction of water use, and the most serious ecological environment problem in Shiyang River area, which holds the portal of Hexi Corridor. The problem of peasant household poverty in Shiyang River basin caused by environmental deterioration is prominent, and ecological compensation plays an important role in alleviating poverty by its economic means. The study of ecological compensation in Shiyang River area plays an important role in ensuring the sustainable development of Shiyang River basin, promoting the transformation of farmers and guiding the practice in theory. This paper summarizes the research progress of ecological compensation and poverty alleviation in Shiyang River area, analyzes the relationship between environment and poverty in Shiyang River area, and quantifies the impact of ecological compensation practice on the breadth, depth and intensity of peasant household poverty. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the contribution of Gini coefficient of cash compensation to Gini coefficient of total income is 2.10%. The marginal effect of cash compensation on total income is -0.07, and the proportion of cash compensation income to total income is 9.19%, and the marginal effect of cash compensation on total income is -0.07%. The increase of cash compensation makes farmers' income more balanced to a certain extent. (2) by participating in ecological compensation projects, farmers get cash compensation, the incidence of poverty decreases by 0.09, and the intensity of poverty decreases by 0.34. The depth of poverty decreased by 0.18. (3) through statistical software analysis, among the subjective factors affecting the effect of technology poverty reduction, the degree of understanding of technology and the influence of technology on income showed strong significance; Among the personality factors influencing the effect of technology poverty reduction, two factors, age and education level, showed strong significance. Finally, according to the conclusion, the paper puts forward to perfect the ecological compensation mechanism of Shiyang River area, make rational use of many kinds of ecological compensation methods, formulate reasonable ecological compensation laws and regulations of Shiyang River basin, and adjust the industrial structure rationally. Ecological workers and other green positions set up policy recommendations.
【学位授予单位】：兰州财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.8;F323.22
本文编号：2313994
[Abstract]:Poverty, as a global problem puzzling the development of all countries in the world, is one of the most severe challenges facing all countries in the world today, and it is also the common goal and task facing all countries in the world today. Focusing on solving the deep-level contradictions and problems in the development of poverty alleviation in China, the important strategic idea of poverty alleviation and development with precision poverty reduction as the core has been formed in China, which is an important theoretical innovation of poverty alleviation and development in China. Poverty alleviation is directly related to the well-being of tens of millions of people and whether the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way by 2020 can be realized. Most areas of our country, especially the ecological fragile areas, are facing the problem of poverty, but also the serious ecological problems. Therefore, our country carries out ecological compensation to these fragile ecological regions in order to achieve the goal of ecological environment improvement. Shiyang River is one of the most densely populated watersheds, the highest exploitation and utilization of water resources, the most prominent contradiction of water use, and the most serious ecological environment problem in Shiyang River area, which holds the portal of Hexi Corridor. The problem of peasant household poverty in Shiyang River basin caused by environmental deterioration is prominent, and ecological compensation plays an important role in alleviating poverty by its economic means. The study of ecological compensation in Shiyang River area plays an important role in ensuring the sustainable development of Shiyang River basin, promoting the transformation of farmers and guiding the practice in theory. This paper summarizes the research progress of ecological compensation and poverty alleviation in Shiyang River area, analyzes the relationship between environment and poverty in Shiyang River area, and quantifies the impact of ecological compensation practice on the breadth, depth and intensity of peasant household poverty. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the contribution of Gini coefficient of cash compensation to Gini coefficient of total income is 2.10%. The marginal effect of cash compensation on total income is -0.07, and the proportion of cash compensation income to total income is 9.19%, and the marginal effect of cash compensation on total income is -0.07%. The increase of cash compensation makes farmers' income more balanced to a certain extent. (2) by participating in ecological compensation projects, farmers get cash compensation, the incidence of poverty decreases by 0.09, and the intensity of poverty decreases by 0.34. The depth of poverty decreased by 0.18. (3) through statistical software analysis, among the subjective factors affecting the effect of technology poverty reduction, the degree of understanding of technology and the influence of technology on income showed strong significance; Among the personality factors influencing the effect of technology poverty reduction, two factors, age and education level, showed strong significance. Finally, according to the conclusion, the paper puts forward to perfect the ecological compensation mechanism of Shiyang River area, make rational use of many kinds of ecological compensation methods, formulate reasonable ecological compensation laws and regulations of Shiyang River basin, and adjust the industrial structure rationally. Ecological workers and other green positions set up policy recommendations.
【学位授予单位】：兰州财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.8;F323.22
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