大庆市大同区农田土壤pH值与土壤养分因子灰色关联研究

发布时间：2018-11-08 09:23

【摘要】：大同区是大庆市重要的粮食生产基地之一,其中耕地总面积达693.5km2,占全市总面积的33.4%。玉米是带动当地经济发展的主要农作物。近几年,由于农民的不合理施肥,导致大同区土壤酸碱度不断升高,而土壤酸碱度对土壤养分的有效性影响很大,使土壤肥力逐渐下降,出现了农作物发育缓慢、粮食质量下降和粮食作物产量不断减少等一系列问题。本文根据大同区的土壤酸碱度现状,通过对大庆市大同区的土壤酸碱度描述性分析,对土壤养分的丰缺状况进行研究,并分析它们之间的相关性和关联程度,旨在为当地农民合理施肥提供一定科学依据。本研究以大庆市大同区4个乡镇的农田土壤作为研究对象,通过野外调查、采样和室内分析相结合的方法,对土壤酸碱度和土壤养分状况进行描述性分析。并且参照国内外学者的研究成果,选取多重比较分析方法和灰色关联分析法,对土壤pH值与有机质、有效氮、全氮、有效磷、全磷、速效钾、有效锰、有效铜、有效铁和有效锌10个养分因子之间关系进行研究。研究表明,大同区四个乡镇的土壤pH值呈强碱性,土壤养分含量不平衡。有机质、有效磷和速效钾处于最适宜水平,有效氮和全氮的含量过多,但全磷含量比较缺乏,微量元素含量中等。灰色关联分析结果表明,与土壤pH值关联度排序为有效氮全氮速效钾有机质有效铁有效铜有效锰有效磷全磷有效锌。生产中应积极采取措施改善土壤酸碱度,合理施肥,以促进农作物更好地生长。
[Abstract]:Datong District is one of the important grain production bases in Daqing City, in which the total area of cultivated land amounts to 693.5 km2, accounting for 33.4% of the total area of the whole city. Corn is the main crop that drives the development of the local economy. In recent years, because of the unreasonable fertilization of farmers, the soil acidity and alkalinity in Datong area have been increasing, and the soil pH and alkalinity have a great influence on the availability of soil nutrients, which makes the soil fertility decline gradually, and crops develop slowly. A series of problems, such as declining grain quality and decreasing grain crop output. According to the present situation of soil acidity and alkalinity in Datong District of Datong City, this paper studies the abundance and deficiency of soil nutrients by analyzing the descriptive analysis of soil acidity and alkalinity in Datong District of Daqing City, and analyzes the correlation and correlation between them. The aim is to provide scientific basis for rational fertilization of local farmers. In this study, farmland soil in four villages and towns in Datong District of Daqing City was used as the research object. Through field investigation, sampling and indoor analysis, the soil pH and soil nutrient status were analyzed in a descriptive way. According to the research results of domestic and foreign scholars, this paper selects the method of multiple comparative analysis and grey relational analysis to study the relationship between soil pH value and organic matter, available nitrogen, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, total phosphorus, available potassium, available manganese, available copper, total phosphorus, available potassium, available manganese, available copper, total phosphorus, available potassium, available manganese and copper. The relationship between available iron and available zinc was studied. The results showed that the soil pH value of the four villages and towns in Datong area was strong alkaline and the soil nutrient content was not balanced. Organic matter, available phosphorus and available potassium were at the most suitable level. The contents of available nitrogen and total nitrogen were excessive, but the total phosphorus content was relatively low, and the content of trace elements was moderate. The results of grey correlation analysis showed that the order of correlation with soil pH value was available nitrogen, total nitrogen, available organic matter, available iron, available copper, manganese, available phosphorus, total phosphorus and zinc. In order to promote the better growth of crops, measures should be taken to improve soil pH and fertilize rationally.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S158;S153.4

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