复合菌剂秸秆堆肥对土壤碳氮含量和酶活性的影响

发布时间：2018-11-13 11:13

【摘要】：秸秆资源化利用对于农业环境保护和可持续农业发展具有重要意义.利用实验室分离获得的15株高效纤维素降解菌,筛选出可有效降解秸秆的复合菌剂JFB-1,研究了复合菌剂秸秆堆肥对土壤碳氮含量和酶活性的影响.结果表明,接种该复合菌剂能将秸秆堆肥的单个发酵周期缩短1~2 d,堆肥中有机质含量达到403.5~515.1 g·kg-1,C/N比降低至15.30~10.53.盆栽试验发现,施用水稻秸秆堆肥的效果总体好于相应的芦笋秸秆堆肥.与水稻秸秆对照堆肥比较,施用复合菌剂处理的水稻秸秆堆肥150 g·kg-1时,土壤中有机质和全氮含量分别提高33.5%和7.3%,土壤脲酶和纤维素酶活性分别提高16.7%和30.8%;与不施肥处理比较,施用秸秆堆肥可改善土壤微生物群落结构,增加微生物多样性指数.当施用复合菌剂处理的水稻秸秆堆肥100 g·kg-1时,栽培30 d的普通白菜生物量比水稻秸秆对照堆肥提高46.4%,表明复合菌剂JFB-1在秸秆堆肥中具有很大的应用潜力.
[Abstract]:The utilization of straw is of great significance to the protection of agricultural environment and sustainable agricultural development. The effect of straw compost on soil carbon and nitrogen content and enzyme activity was studied by using 15 strains of high efficiency cellulose degrading bacteria isolated in laboratory. The compound bacteria JFB-1, was selected to effectively degrade straw. The results showed that the single fermentation period of straw compost could be shortened by 1 ~ 2 days, and the organic matter content in the compost could reach 403.5 ~ 515.1 g kg-1,C/N / L to 15.30 ~ 10.53 g / kg-1,C/N. Pot experiment showed that the effect of rice straw compost was better than that of asparagus straw compost. Compared with the control compost of rice straw, the organic matter and total nitrogen content in the soil were increased by 33.5% and 7.3%, respectively, when the rice straw compost was treated with compound fungicides for 150g kg-1. Soil urease and cellulase activities increased by 16.7% and 30.8% respectively. Compared with no fertilizer application, straw compost could improve soil microbial community structure and increase microbial diversity index. When the rice straw compost treated with the compound fungicides was used for 100g kg-1, the biomass of the common cabbage cultivated for 30 days was 46.4% higher than that of the rice straw control compost, which indicated that the compound fungicide JFB-1 had great application potential in the straw compost.
【作者单位】：西南大学资源环境学院三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室;上海交通大学农业与生物学院农业部都市农业(南方)重点实验室;中新农业泰生示范农场;上海市金山区山阳镇农业技术推广服务中心;
【基金】：中国博士后科学基金项目(2016590362) 国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2012AA101405)
【分类号】：S153.6;S154.2

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