碳酸钙与生物炭对酸化菜地土壤持氮能力的影响
发布时间：2018-11-15 08:42
【摘要】：针对太湖地区稻田改种菜地后带来的土壤酸化现象,以碳酸钙与生物炭作为酸化改良剂,开展室内培养及多次淋洗模拟试验,比较两种改良剂对酸化菜地土壤持氮能力及酸化修复效果的影响.结果表明,基于碱缓冲曲线法,本试验用酸化菜地土壤每提高1个p H单位需向土壤中添加碳酸钙3.92×10-2mol·kg~(-1)或生物炭27.73 g·kg~(-1).无外源氮条件下碳酸钙添加使土壤氮矿化速率显著提高了37%,对土壤铵态氮、硝态氮含量影响不显著;生物炭添加使土壤氮矿化速率显著提高了35%~44%,且显著增加了土壤硝态氮含量42%~58%.模拟淋洗下,生物炭添加显著消减渗漏液体积24%,渗漏液氮浓度45%,显著减少氮淋失量42%~57%,而碳酸钙添加对渗漏液体积没有影响,增加了渗漏液中氮浓度,氮淋失量增加了12%~76%.淋洗后,各处理土壤p H值发生不同程度的降低,无外源氮条件下添加碳酸钙处理土壤p H值降幅最低,外源氮添加条件下生物炭添加处理降幅最低.由此可见,碳酸钙对酸化土壤修复效率较高,但在外源氮添加条件下降低了土壤持氮能力,更适用于酸化严重且需要休耕改良的菜地土壤;生物炭在维持土壤p H值的同时可以有效提高土壤矿质氮留存量,降低氮淋失,更适用于仍在高强度种植的菜地土壤.
[Abstract]:In view of the acidification phenomenon of soil caused by the change of paddy field to vegetable field in Taihu Lake area, calcium carbonate and biochar were used as acidification modifiers to carry out indoor culture and repeated leaching simulation tests. The effects of two modifiers on soil nitrogen holding capacity and acidizing remediation were compared. The results showed that, based on alkali buffer curve method, calcium carbonate (3.92 脳 10-2mol kg~ (-1) or biochar 27.73 g kg~ (-1) should be added to the soil for each increase of 1 pH unit in acidified vegetable soil. Under the condition of no exogenous nitrogen, the addition of calcium carbonate significantly increased the mineralization rate of soil nitrogen by 37%, but had no significant effect on the content of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in soil. The addition of biochar significantly increased the soil nitrogen mineralization rate and the nitrate content in the soil. Under simulated leaching, biochar significantly reduced leakage volume by 24%, leakage nitrogen concentration by 45%, significantly reduced nitrogen leaching loss by 42%, and calcium carbonate addition had no effect on leakage volume, and increased nitrogen concentration in leakage solution. The amount of nitrogen leaching increased by 12%. After leaching, the pH value of each treatment decreased in different degrees, the decrease of pH value was the lowest in the treatment of adding calcium carbonate without exogenous nitrogen, and the lowest in the addition of biochar under the condition of adding exogenous nitrogen. It can be seen that calcium carbonate has high remediation efficiency to acidified soil, but under the condition of exogenous nitrogen addition, the soil nitrogen holding capacity is reduced, which is more suitable for vegetable soil with severe acidification and need fallow tillage and improvement. Biochar can effectively increase soil mineral nitrogen retention and reduce nitrogen leaching while maintaining soil pH value. It is more suitable for vegetable soil which is still planted with high intensity.
【作者单位】： 江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所农业部长江下游平原农业环境重点实验室;夸祖鲁-纳塔尔大学农业地球与环境科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41501320) 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0801101) 公益行业(农业)科研专项(201503106)
【分类号】：S156.6
本文编号：2332795
[Abstract]:In view of the acidification phenomenon of soil caused by the change of paddy field to vegetable field in Taihu Lake area, calcium carbonate and biochar were used as acidification modifiers to carry out indoor culture and repeated leaching simulation tests. The effects of two modifiers on soil nitrogen holding capacity and acidizing remediation were compared. The results showed that, based on alkali buffer curve method, calcium carbonate (3.92 脳 10-2mol kg~ (-1) or biochar 27.73 g kg~ (-1) should be added to the soil for each increase of 1 pH unit in acidified vegetable soil. Under the condition of no exogenous nitrogen, the addition of calcium carbonate significantly increased the mineralization rate of soil nitrogen by 37%, but had no significant effect on the content of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in soil. The addition of biochar significantly increased the soil nitrogen mineralization rate and the nitrate content in the soil. Under simulated leaching, biochar significantly reduced leakage volume by 24%, leakage nitrogen concentration by 45%, significantly reduced nitrogen leaching loss by 42%, and calcium carbonate addition had no effect on leakage volume, and increased nitrogen concentration in leakage solution. The amount of nitrogen leaching increased by 12%. After leaching, the pH value of each treatment decreased in different degrees, the decrease of pH value was the lowest in the treatment of adding calcium carbonate without exogenous nitrogen, and the lowest in the addition of biochar under the condition of adding exogenous nitrogen. It can be seen that calcium carbonate has high remediation efficiency to acidified soil, but under the condition of exogenous nitrogen addition, the soil nitrogen holding capacity is reduced, which is more suitable for vegetable soil with severe acidification and need fallow tillage and improvement. Biochar can effectively increase soil mineral nitrogen retention and reduce nitrogen leaching while maintaining soil pH value. It is more suitable for vegetable soil which is still planted with high intensity.
【作者单位】： 江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所农业部长江下游平原农业环境重点实验室;夸祖鲁-纳塔尔大学农业地球与环境科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41501320) 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0801101) 公益行业(农业)科研专项(201503106)
【分类号】：S156.6
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