基于WebGIS的水土保持区划辅助分析系统设计

发布时间：2018-11-18 20:18

【摘要】：水土保持区划是水土保持规划工作的基础,是需要考虑多种自然和社会因素的综合地理区划,可以为规划工作指明方向和水保措施总体布局方案。随着水保信息化的发展,“3S”技术越来越普遍地应用于水土保持区划工作中,为区划提供数据支持、空间分析方法、成果输出和网络发布媒介。WebGIS技术是GIS的重要发展方向,利用该技术可以基于网络实现实时数据采集、管理、分析、编辑更新和多维可视化,具有技术灵活先进、跨平台兼容、运转高效、系统建设成本低、易于信息发布共享等多种优势,成为发展水保信息化的新型技术热点。目前此类技术在水土保持领域的应用集中于流域信息管理、专题数据库建设和水土保持监测信息平台建设,针对水土保持区划的专题系统研究较少。在区划资料逐步数字化的技术背景下,研究此类系统有助于网络资源的灵活调用,降低区划成本,符合水保信息化发展趋势。本系统建设基于“西安市水土保持规划”项目,利用WebGIS技术,以该项目实施过程中较为复杂的空间分析过程入手提炼系统需求,目标定位是辅助区划工作者基于REST风格的网络空间分析服务高效实现区划中涉及的多数分析项目,并辅助进行分区方案的决策和区划结果输出。在需求分析基础上进行系统功能模块总体设计,全系统共分为8大模块组,功能涵盖区划相关分析数据的载入、查询、跨平台的数据编辑、数字地形分析、基本影像处理和信息反演、沟壑密度分析和水文分析、数据库和服务器端资源管理、数据可视化与自定义布局输出等。本系统物理实现是利用ArcGIS for JavaScript API 3.16版,使用Dojo框架,利用JavaScript作为设计语言,服务器端软件使用ArcGIS for Server 10.3版,调用服务器端的地理分析服务,部分区划特色分析功能模块实现基于Arcpy编写脚本工具并发布调用,最终构建水土保持区划辅助分析专题WebGIS。通过系统辅助进行区划分析和分区方案确定,西安市水土保持区划共分8区,除城市水土保持单独设区外,与前人成果基本相符。经运行显示,本系统可以在多种浏览器平台上运行,空间分析功能模块设计科学,用户体验良好,能够基于浏览器平台和服务器端发布资源,完成区划前期的多种复杂空间分析,分析效率高,有利于辅助确定分区界线,为分区方案的制定提供数据支撑和信息管理、共享、发布平台,系统输出结果包括专题图、表格数据和统计图表,可以实现系统需求分析阶段的各项功能设计。
[Abstract]:Soil and water conservation zonation is the basis of soil and water conservation planning, and it is a comprehensive geographical regionalization which needs to consider many natural and social factors. It can point out the direction of planning and the overall layout of soil and water conservation measures. With the development of soil and water conservation information, "3s" technology is more and more widely used in soil and water conservation regionalization, which provides data support, spatial analysis method, output of results and network media for regionalization. WebGIS technology is an important development direction of GIS. This technology can realize real-time data acquisition, management, analysis, edit update and multidimensional visualization based on network. It has flexible and advanced technology, cross-platform compatibility, efficient operation and low cost of system construction. Easy to publish and share information and other advantages has become a new technology hotspot in the development of soil and water conservation information. At present, the application of this kind of technology in the field of soil and water conservation is concentrated on watershed information management, the construction of thematic database and the construction of information platform for soil and water conservation monitoring. Under the technical background of digitization of regionalization data, the study of this kind of system is helpful to the flexible transfer of network resources, reduce the cost of regionalization, and conform to the trend of soil and water conservation information development. This system is based on the "Xi'an soil and Water Conservation Planning" project, using WebGIS technology to extract the system requirements from the more complex spatial analysis process during the implementation of the project. The goal orientation is to assist the division worker to realize the most analysis items of the division efficiently based on the REST style network space analysis service, and to assist to carry on the division plan decision and the division result output. On the basis of requirement analysis, the overall design of the system function module is carried out. The whole system is divided into 8 modules groups. The functions cover the loading of regional-related analysis data, query, cross-platform data editing, digital terrain analysis, etc. Basic image processing and information retrieval, gully density analysis and hydrological analysis, database and server-side resource management, data visualization and custom layout output, etc. The physical realization of the system is to use ArcGIS for JavaScript API 3.16, Dojo frame, JavaScript as the design language, and the server software to use ArcGIS for Server 10.3 to call the geographic analysis service on the server side. Part of the function module of regionalization characteristic analysis realizes writing script tools based on Arcpy and issuing calls. Finally, the special topic WebGIS. of soil and water conservation zonation analysis is constructed. According to the system aided zoning analysis and zoning scheme, the soil and water conservation regionalization of Xi'an is divided into 8 districts, which are basically consistent with the previous achievements except that the urban soil and water conservation is divided into separate areas. The operation shows that the system can be run on various browser platforms, the design of spatial analysis function module is scientific, the user experience is good, and the system can release resources based on browser platform and server. The analysis efficiency is high, which is helpful to determine the partition boundary, to provide data support and information management, to share, to publish the platform, and to output the system result including thematic map. Table data and statistical chart, can achieve the system requirements analysis phase of the functional design.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S157;S127

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