中国化肥减量目标研究——基于满足农产品供给与水资源的双重约束
发布时间：2018-11-27 16:07
【摘要】：在农产品需求刚性增长与资源环境约束加剧的背景下,为实现现代农业发展目标,如何确定合适的化肥减量目标值得关注。化肥的过量水平应该是,在满足消费需求又不逾越资源限制的双重约束下,实现农业生产力的有效配置及资源循环利用后仍然有余的量,而化肥减量目标的设定也应基于此量。以满足农产品供给要求和水资源约束为限定条件,以各地区主要农产品生产效率为参数,通过构建优化模型,首先实现资源优化配置,然后根据优化结果,以氮素为衡量指标,判断过剩氮的水平,并推断全国及各地区氮肥减量的比例。结果显示,在优化生产力布局的基础上,要实现环境和谐,全国氮肥减量的要求为67.1%,绝对量为2648.3万吨。为实践减量目标,各地区应因地制宜地发展有机肥产业及节肥技术,倡导科学施肥。
[Abstract]:Under the background of the rigid growth of agricultural product demand and the aggravation of resource and environment restriction, in order to realize the goal of modern agriculture development, how to determine the appropriate chemical fertilizer reduction target is worthy of attention. The excess level of chemical fertilizer should be a surplus amount after realizing the effective allocation of agricultural productivity and the recycling of resources under the dual constraints of satisfying the consumption demand and not exceeding the resource limitation, and the setting of the chemical fertilizer reduction target should also be based on this amount. In order to meet the demand of agricultural products supply and the restriction of water resources, taking the production efficiency of main agricultural products in various regions as parameters, the optimal allocation of resources is first realized through the construction of optimization models, and then, according to the optimization results, nitrogen is taken as the measurement index. Determine the level of excess nitrogen and infer the proportion of nitrogen fertilizer reduction across the country and regions. The results show that in order to achieve environmental harmony, the requirement of nitrogen fertilizer reduction in China is 67.1 tons and the absolute amount is 26.483 million tons on the basis of optimizing the distribution of productivity. In order to practice the goal of reducing the amount of fertilizer, all regions should develop organic fertilizer industry and fertilizer saving technology according to local conditions, and advocate scientific fertilization.
【作者单位】： 南京农业大学经济管理学院;南京林业大学经济管理学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目:“环境规制约束下生猪生产布局演变及影响研究”(编号:12YJCZH275) 南京农业大学人文社会科学研究基金项目:“农业产业整体减排策略研究”(编号:SK2013004) 江苏省高校优势学科建设工程资助项目PAPD对研究的支持
【分类号】：S143
[Abstract]:Under the background of the rigid growth of agricultural product demand and the aggravation of resource and environment restriction, in order to realize the goal of modern agriculture development, how to determine the appropriate chemical fertilizer reduction target is worthy of attention. The excess level of chemical fertilizer should be a surplus amount after realizing the effective allocation of agricultural productivity and the recycling of resources under the dual constraints of satisfying the consumption demand and not exceeding the resource limitation, and the setting of the chemical fertilizer reduction target should also be based on this amount. In order to meet the demand of agricultural products supply and the restriction of water resources, taking the production efficiency of main agricultural products in various regions as parameters, the optimal allocation of resources is first realized through the construction of optimization models, and then, according to the optimization results, nitrogen is taken as the measurement index. Determine the level of excess nitrogen and infer the proportion of nitrogen fertilizer reduction across the country and regions. The results show that in order to achieve environmental harmony, the requirement of nitrogen fertilizer reduction in China is 67.1 tons and the absolute amount is 26.483 million tons on the basis of optimizing the distribution of productivity. In order to practice the goal of reducing the amount of fertilizer, all regions should develop organic fertilizer industry and fertilizer saving technology according to local conditions, and advocate scientific fertilization.
【作者单位】： 南京农业大学经济管理学院;南京林业大学经济管理学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目:“环境规制约束下生猪生产布局演变及影响研究”(编号:12YJCZH275) 南京农业大学人文社会科学研究基金项目:“农业产业整体减排策略研究”(编号:SK2013004) 江苏省高校优势学科建设工程资助项目PAPD对研究的支持
【分类号】：S143
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