毛竹林土壤酶活性对氮沉降、经营方式及生物质炭的响应

发布时间：2018-11-28 19:32

【摘要】：土壤酶是土壤生态系统的重要组成部分,在土壤生物化学过程中的物质循环和能量流动中起着至关重要的作用。氮沉降、经营方式及生物质炭会对土壤酶活性产生影响。因此,本文研究了不同梯度氮沉降(0、30、60和90 kg·hm 2·a 1)和生物炭添加(对照,CK:0T/hm-2;BC20:20T/hm-2;BC40:40T/hm-2)对不同经营方式下土壤酶活性的的影响。结果表明:与粗放经营模式相比,集约经营模式显著增加了土壤蔗糖酶、纤维素酶和脲酶的活性,分别提高了55.5%、112.9%、28.6%,显著降低了硝酸还原酶的活性(-31.5%),对过氧化氢酶活性没有显著影响。氮沉降显著抑制了粗放和集约经营方式下毛竹林蔗糖酶(-20.0-49.4%和-36.2-45.1%)、纤维素酶(-20.5-46.3%和-18.3-49.0%)、硝酸还原酶(-67.9-85.2%和-15.2-34.2%)的活性及集约经营毛竹林的脲酶活性(-23.1-47.6%),显著增加了粗放经营毛竹林土壤的脲酶活性(+8.1-50.6%),对过氧化氢酶活性的影响不显著。氮沉降与经营方式的复合作用除对过氧化氢酶活性的影响不显著外,对其他4种土壤酶活性的影响均达到显著水平。生物炭BC40添加极显著促进了纤维素酶和硝酸还原酶活性(P0.01),显著抑制了蔗糖酶、脲酶和酸性磷酸酶活性(P0.05),对过氧化氢酶活性影响不显著;生物炭施加极显著减缓了氮沉降对蔗糖酶、脲酶的抑制作用(P0.001),对其他5种酶没有显著影响。本研究为全面认识毛竹林土壤生态系统对氮沉降、生物质炭及经营方式的响应提供了重要参考。
[Abstract]:Soil enzyme is an important part of soil ecosystem and plays an important role in the material circulation and energy flow in soil biochemistry. Nitrogen deposition, management mode and biomass carbon will affect soil enzyme activity. Therefore, the deposition of different gradient nitrogen (0 ~ 30 ~ (60) and 90 kg hm ~ (2) a ~ (-1) and the addition of biochar (control, CK:0T/hm-2;BC20:20T/hm-2;) were studied in this paper. The effect of BC40:40T/hm-2 on soil enzyme activity under different management conditions. The results showed that intensive management significantly increased the activities of soil sucrase, cellulase and urease, and increased the activity of 55.512.9 and 28.6cm, respectively, compared with the extensive management model, and the results showed that the intensive management model significantly increased the activities of soil sucrase, cellulase and urease, respectively. The activity of nitrate reductase was significantly decreased (- 31.5%), but the activity of catalase was not significantly affected. Nitrogen deposition significantly inhibited sucrase (-20.0-49.4%), cellulase (-20.5-46.3%) and -18.3-49.0% (-36.2-45.1%) of Phyllostachys pubescens forest under extensive and intensive management. The activity of nitrate reductase (-67.9-85.2% and -15.2-34.2%) and urease activity (-23.1-47.6%) of Phyllostachys pubescens forest were studied. The urease activity (8.1-50.6%) of the soil under extensive management of Phyllostachys pubescens was significantly increased, but the effect on the catalase activity was not significant. The compound effect of nitrogen deposition and management mode had no significant effect on the activity of catalase except for the other four kinds of soil enzyme activity. The addition of BC40 significantly promoted the activities of cellulase and nitrate reductase (P0.01), significantly inhibited the activities of sucrase, urease and acid phosphatase (P0.05), but had no significant effect on the activity of catalase. The inhibition of nitrogen deposition on sucrase and urease (P0.001) was significantly reduced by the application of biochar, but not on the other five enzymes. This study provides an important reference for understanding the response of soil ecosystem of Phyllostachys pubescens forest to nitrogen deposition, biomass carbon and management mode.
【学位授予单位】：浙江农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S714

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