无人机遥感技术在生产建设项目水土保持监测中的应用——以鄂北水资源配置工程为例

发布时间：2018-12-11 20:52

【摘要】：无人机遥感技术在水土保持监测工作中的应用尚未形成统一有效的方法与标准,针对这一问题,笔者以鄂北地区水资源配置工程为例,从遥感基础数据获取、基本监测信息提取、监测信息应用3个方面,开展水土保持监测实例分析。首先,针对案例工程的几个典型区,在航拍的基础上,利用Agisoft Photoscan Professional软件处理原始影像,获取各区域的DOM和DEM成果,其水平精度分别可达0.05和0.2 m。然后,基于DOM和DEM提取监测对象的土地利用类型、位置、面积、体积等信息,构建三维虚拟模型。结果表明计算机自动识别更加快速,但存在将监测对象的阴影、苫盖误判为植被的问题。最后,将提取的信息逐一应用于案例工程的水土保持监测工作,直接获取各典型区扰动土地面积、弃渣体积、苫盖与否、苫盖面积等监测结果。无人机监测结果与运用传统方法监测的结果对比表明,2种方法的监测结果均满足相关技术要求,但无人机监测效率是传统人工监测效率的3~5倍。成果可为无人机遥感技术在水土保持监测中的应用提供有效的方法借鉴。
[Abstract]:The application of UAV remote sensing technology in soil and water conservation monitoring has not yet formed a unified and effective method and standard. In view of this problem, the author takes the water resources allocation project in the north of Hubei Province as an example to obtain the basic data from remote sensing. Three aspects of basic monitoring information extraction and monitoring information application were carried out to carry out soil and water conservation monitoring case analysis. Firstly, aiming at several typical areas of case engineering, on the basis of aerial photography, the original images are processed by Agisoft Photoscan Professional software, and the results of DOM and DEM in each region are obtained, the horizontal accuracy of which can reach 0. 05 and 0. 2 mrespectively. Then, based on DOM and DEM, the information of land use type, location, area and volume of monitoring object is extracted, and a 3D virtual model is constructed. The results show that the computer automatic recognition is more rapid, but there is the problem that the shadow of the monitored object is misjudged as vegetation. Finally, the extracted information is applied to the monitoring work of soil and water conservation in case engineering one by one, and the monitoring results such as disturbed land area, abandoned slag volume, covering area, covering area and so on are obtained directly. The comparison between the results of UAV monitoring and that of traditional methods shows that the monitoring results of both methods meet the relevant technical requirements, but the efficiency of UAV monitoring is 3 or 5 times higher than that of traditional manual monitoring. The results can be used for reference in the application of UAV remote sensing technology in soil and water conservation monitoring.
【作者单位】：长江科学院水土保持研究所;
【基金】：水利部“948”计划“无人机载微型高光谱成像仪”(201507)
【分类号】：S157

【参考文献】