不同比例马尾松木荷混交林枯落物与土壤水源涵养能力研究
发布时间:2018-12-14 17:52
【摘要】:林地枯落物层和土壤层作为发挥森林水源涵养功能的重要作用层,在林分水源涵养和保持水土方面起着非常重要的作用。论文以江西省兴国县的飞播马尾松纯林及其与木荷不同比例混交林的中龄林为研究对象,按树种混交比例将林分划分为类型Ⅰ(10马)、类型Ⅱ(8马2木)、类型Ⅲ(7马3木)、类型Ⅳ(6马4木)4种类型并设置标准地,在野外调查的基础上结合室内分析法,探讨其林下枯落物现存量及持水特性、土壤物理性质及蓄水能力,以期为改善和提高飞播马尾松林的生态功能,尤其是水源涵养功能提供参考依据。主要研究结果如下:(1)4种类型枯落物总现存量的变动范围为1.16~4.58 t/hm2,平均最大持水率为169.01~230.44%,总最大持水量为1.97~10.56 t/hm2,平均有效拦蓄率和总拦蓄量分别为124.37~161.30%和1.45~7.40 t/hm2,均表现为类型Ⅳ类型Ⅲ类型Ⅱ类型Ⅰ,且以上指标除类型Ⅳ的平均有效拦蓄率与类型Ⅲ差异不显著(P0.05)外,其它各类型间均差异显著(P0.05)。各类型未分解层和半分解层枯落物持水率与浸水时间均呈显著对数关系,而其吸水速率与浸水时间均呈显著幂函数关系。(2)4种类型0~80 cm土壤容重均值为1.29~1.44 g/cm3,表现为类型Ⅰ类型Ⅱ类型Ⅲ类型Ⅳ;土壤总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度均值分别为36.00~46.24%、30.95~36.80%、5.05~9.43%,其大小顺序与土壤容重均值相反。0~80 cm土壤最大持水量为2799.17~3530.96 t/hm2、毛管持水量为2424.18~2815.71 t/hm2、非毛管持水量为374.99~715.24 t/hm2,均表现为类型Ⅳ类型Ⅲ类型Ⅱ类型Ⅰ。不同类型间的土壤容重、土壤总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、土壤最大持水量、毛管持水量均差异不显著(P0.05),而非毛管孔隙度、非毛管持水量除0~10 cm、10~20 cm土层及0~80 cm土层均表现为类型Ⅰ与类型Ⅱ差异不显著(P0.05)外,其它各类型间均差异显著(P0.05)。(3)4种类型林地(枯落物层和土壤层)最大持水量为2801.14~3541.52 t/hm2,有效持水量为76.44~722.64 t/hm2,均表现为类型Ⅳ类型Ⅲ类型Ⅱ类型Ⅰ。不同类型间林地最大持水量差异不显著(P0.05),有效持水量为任意两类型间差异显著(P0.05)。土壤层最大蓄水量和有效蓄水量分别占林地最大蓄水量和有效蓄水量的99%和98%以上。林地最大持水量价值和有效持水量价值分别为22971.34~29042.92元/hm2和3087.09~5926.17元/hm2。
[Abstract]:As an important layer of forest water conservation, litter layer and soil layer play an important role in forest water conservation and soil conservation. In this paper, the mid-age forest of Pinus massoniana in Xingguo County, Jiangxi Province and its mixed forest with different proportion of Schima superba were studied. According to the proportion of tree species, the stands were divided into type 鈪,
本文编号:2379055
[Abstract]:As an important layer of forest water conservation, litter layer and soil layer play an important role in forest water conservation and soil conservation. In this paper, the mid-age forest of Pinus massoniana in Xingguo County, Jiangxi Province and its mixed forest with different proportion of Schima superba were studied. According to the proportion of tree species, the stands were divided into type 鈪,
本文编号:2379055
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