三峡库区典型消落带土壤化学性质变化

发布时间：2018-12-16 22:46

【摘要】：【目的】分析三峡库区消落带土壤化学性质,为深入揭示消落带水土环境变化及为植被恢复与物种筛选提供科学依据。【方法】在三峡库区典型消落带设置固定监测样地,通过2008年(未水淹)和2012年(经历4次水位涨落)的监测,研究库区典型消落带土壤化学元素的变化特征。【结果】相比2008年,2012年消落带各土层pH均显著增加(P0.05),pH趋于中性;与2008年未水淹相比,2012年消落带不同土层土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量分别降低36.9%~53.3%,12.0%~23.5%,42.0%~52.3%,39.7%~43.8%,12.3%~17.5%,78.5%~91.4%和41.1%~57.9%,其中氮素下降幅度相对较小,而磷素下降幅度最大;经过4次水位涨落后,消落带土壤养分处于十分贫瘠的状态,以钾元素最为明显;土壤金属元素在受水位涨落后均增加,2012年消落带全镁和全钠含量上升幅度最大,与2008年消落带全镁和全钠含量相比差异显著(P0.05);2012年消落带全钙含量虽有上升,但与2008年相比差异不显著。【结论】随着库区长期的水位涨落,消落带土壤养分匮乏和水体富营养化问题将突显,对于消落带土壤化学性质变化仍需长期监测。
[Abstract]:[objective] to analyze the chemical properties of soil in the three Gorges reservoir area, and to provide a scientific basis for vegetation restoration and species selection in order to reveal the change of soil and water environment in the three Gorges reservoir area. [methods] A fixed monitoring sample land was set up in the typical subsidence zone of the three Gorges Reservoir area. Through monitoring in 2008 (unflooded) and 2012 (4 times of water level fluctuation), the change characteristics of soil chemical elements in typical subsidence zone of reservoir area were studied. [results] compared with 2008, the pH of each soil layer in 2012 increased significantly (P0.05). PH tends to be neutral; Compared with 2008, the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in different soil layers in 2012 decreased by 36.9% and 53.3%, respectively. 39.7% and 43.8%, 12.3% and 78.5%, 91.4% and 41.1%, 57.9%, respectively, in which the decrease of nitrogen was relatively small, while the decrease of phosphorus was the largest. After four times of water level fluctuation, the soil nutrients in the ebb and drop zone were in a very barren state, the potassium element was the most obvious. The content of total magnesium and total sodium in the drop zone increased the most in 2012 compared with the total magnesium and sodium content in 2008 (P0.05). Although the total calcium content in the fluctuating zone increased in 2012, there was no significant difference compared with 2008. [conclusion] with the long-term fluctuation of water level in the reservoir area, the problems of soil nutrient deficiency and eutrophication will be highlighted. The change of soil chemical properties in the subsidence zone still needs to be monitored for a long time.
【作者单位】：中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室;南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心;湖北省林业科学研究院;
【基金】：林业科技支撑计划(2015BAD07B040301,2011BAD38B04)
【分类号】：S153

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