广西甘蔗螟虫卵寄生蜂种类及螟黄赤眼蜂应用技术研究
发布时间：2018-12-18 21:49
【摘要】：甘蔗是我国重要的糖料经济作物,广西省是最大的甘蔗种植区之一,占全国的60%以上。甘蔗螟虫是甘蔗的主要害虫,其中以条螟和二点螟的危害最为猖獗。防治的方法有多种,其中生物防治越来越多的受到关注。本文主要针对寄生二点螟和条螟的卵寄生蜂进行调查,并展开田间种类调查、鉴定以及室内的一些抗性测定以及田间应用示范等研究,得到了以下结果：1.甘蔗螟虫主要卵寄生蜂种类在广西各个蔗区寄生的螟虫卵寄生蜂主要有以下几种：黑卵蜂(Telenomus spp)螟黄赤眼蜂(Trichogramma chilonis)和玉米螟赤眼蜂(Trichogramma ostriniae)2.赤眼蜂的生物学特性及抗性赤眼蜂对中间寄主的适应性方面：从寄生量、出蜂量、寿命等指标均可以得出螟黄赤眼蜂占有一定的优势,寄生米蛾卵的数量较多,寿命较长。赤眼蜂对温度的敏感性研究中,在温度为26℃,赤眼蜂的寄生量和出蜂量等达到最佳。赤眼蜂的寿命会随着温度的降低而延长；在26—18℃间寄生量在会随着温度的降低有所增加,但是羽化率却显著下降；赤眼蜂的雌雄性比会随着温度的降低而有所提高；玉米螟赤眼蜂对温度更为敏感。赤眼蜂前四个虫态对农药的敏感性表现：预蛹期和蛹期的敏感性大于卵期和幼虫期的敏感性。对于赤眼蜂成蜂来讲,在所选取的4种农药中,杀虫双对赤眼蜂的毒性最大,LR50在7.98xlO~(-6)mg/cm~2以上。依次是吡虫啉、阿维菌素、氯虫苯甲酰胺。3.赤眼蜂的应用效果研究田间释放赤眼蜂可有效提高甘蔗前期的螟卵蜂寄生率,降低甘蔗成熟期的螟害株率和螟害节率,增加有效茎数和产量,但是在生产上利用其控制甘蔗苗期螟害枯心率的效果不是很显著,没有明显的优势。
[Abstract]:Sugarcane is an important sugar crop in China. Guangxi is one of the largest sugarcane growing areas, accounting for more than 60% of the country. Sugarcane borer is the main pest of sugarcane. There are a variety of control methods, of which more and more attention has been paid to biological control. In this paper, we investigated the egg parasitoids of B. suppressalis and B. borer, and carried out field investigation, identification, some indoor resistance tests and field application demonstration. The results were as follows: 1. The main egg parasitic wasps of sugarcane borer in Guangxi are as follows: (Telenomus spp) (Trichogramma chilonis) and (Trichogramma ostriniae) 2. The biological characteristics of Trichogramma and the adaptability of resistant Trichogramma to intermediate hosts: from the parasitism quantity, the number of bees out, the longevity of Trichogramma borer, it can be concluded that Trichogramma borer has a certain advantage, the number of parasitic eggs of Trichogramma bovis is more, and the longevity of Trichogramma is longer. In the study of the sensitivity of Trichogramma to temperature, the parasitic amount and the number of bees out of Trichogramma reached the best when the temperature was 26 鈩，
本文编号：2386545
[Abstract]:Sugarcane is an important sugar crop in China. Guangxi is one of the largest sugarcane growing areas, accounting for more than 60% of the country. Sugarcane borer is the main pest of sugarcane. There are a variety of control methods, of which more and more attention has been paid to biological control. In this paper, we investigated the egg parasitoids of B. suppressalis and B. borer, and carried out field investigation, identification, some indoor resistance tests and field application demonstration. The results were as follows: 1. The main egg parasitic wasps of sugarcane borer in Guangxi are as follows: (Telenomus spp) (Trichogramma chilonis) and (Trichogramma ostriniae) 2. The biological characteristics of Trichogramma and the adaptability of resistant Trichogramma to intermediate hosts: from the parasitism quantity, the number of bees out, the longevity of Trichogramma borer, it can be concluded that Trichogramma borer has a certain advantage, the number of parasitic eggs of Trichogramma bovis is more, and the longevity of Trichogramma is longer. In the study of the sensitivity of Trichogramma to temperature, the parasitic amount and the number of bees out of Trichogramma reached the best when the temperature was 26 鈩，
本文编号：2386545
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