作物抗旱基因研究进展及在马铃薯抗旱种质创新中的应用
发布时间:2019-01-04 10:35
【摘要】:整理并分析了近年来已经公开发表的68个抗旱相关基因,其中包括转录因子,以及提高渗透物质积累,具有解毒和抗氧化胁迫,控制作物生物大分子合成的基因,并对这些基因在作物抗旱中的作用机理及应用进展进行了分析。得出转录因子主要是通过激活或者抑制下游与干旱相关基因的表达,与渗透调节相关的基因主要是维持细胞内外渗透平衡,具有解毒和抗氧化胁迫的基因主要是通过清除活性氧的积累,与生物大分子合成有关的基因主要在逆境中可以产生一些逆境蛋白,从而提高作物耐逆性。同时整理并分析了利用基因工程改良马铃薯种质的发展现状与存在问题。
[Abstract]:The 68 genes related to drought resistance that have been published in recent years, including transcription factors, increased osmotic accumulation, detoxification and antioxidant stress, and control of biosynthesis of crop macromolecules, have been sorted out and analyzed. The mechanism and application of these genes in crop drought resistance were analyzed. It is concluded that transcription factors are mainly by activating or inhibiting the expression of downstream drought-related genes, and the genes related to osmotic regulation are mainly to maintain the internal and external osmotic balance of cells. The genes with detoxification and antioxidant stress are mainly through scavenging the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. The genes related to biosynthesis of biomolecules can produce some stress proteins during stress and thus improve the stress tolerance of crops. At the same time, the current situation and existing problems of potato germplasm improvement by genetic engineering were analyzed.
【作者单位】: 甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室;甘肃农业大学农学院;甘肃农业大学园艺学院;
【基金】:国家自然科学基金(31460369) 甘肃科技基金(1308RJZA131,1308RJIA005) 中科院西部之光项目 兰州科技研究项目(2013-4-156)
【分类号】:S532;S188
[Abstract]:The 68 genes related to drought resistance that have been published in recent years, including transcription factors, increased osmotic accumulation, detoxification and antioxidant stress, and control of biosynthesis of crop macromolecules, have been sorted out and analyzed. The mechanism and application of these genes in crop drought resistance were analyzed. It is concluded that transcription factors are mainly by activating or inhibiting the expression of downstream drought-related genes, and the genes related to osmotic regulation are mainly to maintain the internal and external osmotic balance of cells. The genes with detoxification and antioxidant stress are mainly through scavenging the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. The genes related to biosynthesis of biomolecules can produce some stress proteins during stress and thus improve the stress tolerance of crops. At the same time, the current situation and existing problems of potato germplasm improvement by genetic engineering were analyzed.
【作者单位】: 甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室;甘肃农业大学农学院;甘肃农业大学园艺学院;
【基金】:国家自然科学基金(31460369) 甘肃科技基金(1308RJZA131,1308RJIA005) 中科院西部之光项目 兰州科技研究项目(2013-4-156)
【分类号】:S532;S188
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