百菌清、敌百虫、多菌灵影响尾柱虫分裂次数的浓度测定
发布时间：2019-01-05 04:08
【摘要】：目前,环境污染日益严重。其中水体污染已经成为全球性的环境问题之一,水体污染来源于各种有毒物质的排放,其中化学农药产生的污染越来越严重,人们的健康受到了极大的威胁。本研究的生物材料是尾柱虫,测定了百菌清、敌百虫、多菌灵对尾柱虫24h半致死浓度,根据这个浓度,找到了三种化学农药影响尾柱虫分裂次数的最低有效浓度。进行大样本实验,将尾柱虫放置在装着不同浓度药物的凹坑中进行单克隆培养,采用逐日分离法来研究尾柱虫的数量变化,每天观察并记录虫体的分裂次数,168h为一个研究周期,其结果与对照组比较,以此来观察不同毒物的不同浓度对尾柱虫分裂次数的影响,用spss软件进行方差分析,得出实验组与对照组差异显著的最低有效浓度范围,以期对百菌清、敌百虫、多菌灵毒性评价提供参考依据。本实验的结果表明:百菌清、敌百虫、多菌灵对尾柱虫的24 h半致死浓度分别为0.523mg/L,0.077mg/L,0.677mg/L,使尾柱虫分裂次数发生显著变化的最低有效浓度分别为0.087~0.105mg/L,0.0138~0.0167mg/L,0.161~0.193 mg/L。回归分析表明,死亡概率单位与浓度对数之间存在着线性关系,随着药物溶液浓度的升高尾柱虫存活数量变少。百菌清、敌百虫、多菌灵对尾柱虫在168 h内的慢性毒理作用表现为抑制虫体的分裂次数,实验组尾柱虫每24 h的分裂次数逐渐降低。多数毒理实验,测定的是药品对生物的致死浓度和半致死浓度,无论是使受试生物全部死亡还是使受试生物半数死亡,其浓度都能作为衡量存在水或土壤中的毒物对水生生物的毒性大小的重要参数。但这个浓度相对于只影响尾柱虫细胞分裂次数而的浓度而言,则很高了。事实上,影响尾柱虫细胞正常分裂次数的浓度已经影响到了生物体的正常生命活动了,这属于生物体对微量毒素的细微生理反应只用致死或半致死的浓度指标是不能充分、客观反应出来。实验结果表明利用检测尾柱虫的分裂次数来监测水环境或土壤中微量化学农药的毒性是更客观、更科学的,并且为毒理实验及环境监测提供新的参考数据,是对毒理学指标的一个有益补充。
[Abstract]:At present, environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious. Among them, water pollution has become one of the global environmental problems. Water pollution comes from the discharge of various toxic substances. Among them, the pollution caused by chemical pesticides is becoming more and more serious, and the health of people has been greatly threatened. In this study, the biological material of this study was Trichoderma tinctorius. The 24 h lethal concentration of chlorothalonil, trichlorfon and carbendazim was determined. According to this concentration, the lowest effective concentration of three kinds of chemical pesticides affecting the number of mitosis of C. caudata was found. A large sample experiment was carried out. Monoclonal culture was carried out in a pit containing different concentrations of drugs. The diurnal separation method was used to study the change of the number of the parasites, and the number of division of the parasite was observed and recorded every day. 168h was a period of study. The results were compared with those of the control group to observe the effect of different concentrations of poison on the number of mitosis of C. caudata. The variance analysis was carried out with spss software. The minimum effective concentration range of the experimental group and the control group was obtained, in order to provide reference for the toxicity evaluation of chlorothalonil, trichlorfon and carbendazim. The results showed that the 24 h lethal concentrations of chlorothalonil, trichlorfon and carbendazim were 0.523 mg / L 0.077 mg / L and 0.677 mg / L, respectively. The minimum effective concentrations for significant changes in the frequency of mitosis were 0.087mg / L 0.0138mg / L 0.0167mg / L 0.161mg / L 0.193 mg/L., respectively. Regression analysis showed that there was a linear relationship between the death probability unit and the logarithm of concentration. The chronic toxicological effect of chlorothalonil, trichlorfon and carbendazim on the tail pillar worm within 168 h was to inhibit the number of division of the insect body, but the number of division of the experimental group decreased gradually every 24 hours. In most toxicological experiments, the lethal and semi-lethal concentrations of drugs against organisms are measured, whether by killing all the tested organisms or half of the tested organisms. Its concentration can be used as an important parameter to measure the toxicity of toxic substances in water or soil to aquatic organisms. But this concentration is higher than the concentration that affects only the number of cell division. In fact, the concentration that affects the number of normal division times in the cells of the tail pillar worm has already affected the normal life activity of the organism, which is that the subtle physiological response of the organism to the trace toxin is not sufficient only by lethal or semi-lethal concentration indicators. The objective reaction came out. The results show that it is more objective and scientific to detect the toxicity of trace chemical pesticides in water environment or soil by detecting the splitting times of Phellodendron tinctorius, and to provide new reference data for toxicological experiments and environmental monitoring. It is a useful supplement to toxicology index.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X592
本文编号：2401244
[Abstract]:At present, environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious. Among them, water pollution has become one of the global environmental problems. Water pollution comes from the discharge of various toxic substances. Among them, the pollution caused by chemical pesticides is becoming more and more serious, and the health of people has been greatly threatened. In this study, the biological material of this study was Trichoderma tinctorius. The 24 h lethal concentration of chlorothalonil, trichlorfon and carbendazim was determined. According to this concentration, the lowest effective concentration of three kinds of chemical pesticides affecting the number of mitosis of C. caudata was found. A large sample experiment was carried out. Monoclonal culture was carried out in a pit containing different concentrations of drugs. The diurnal separation method was used to study the change of the number of the parasites, and the number of division of the parasite was observed and recorded every day. 168h was a period of study. The results were compared with those of the control group to observe the effect of different concentrations of poison on the number of mitosis of C. caudata. The variance analysis was carried out with spss software. The minimum effective concentration range of the experimental group and the control group was obtained, in order to provide reference for the toxicity evaluation of chlorothalonil, trichlorfon and carbendazim. The results showed that the 24 h lethal concentrations of chlorothalonil, trichlorfon and carbendazim were 0.523 mg / L 0.077 mg / L and 0.677 mg / L, respectively. The minimum effective concentrations for significant changes in the frequency of mitosis were 0.087mg / L 0.0138mg / L 0.0167mg / L 0.161mg / L 0.193 mg/L., respectively. Regression analysis showed that there was a linear relationship between the death probability unit and the logarithm of concentration. The chronic toxicological effect of chlorothalonil, trichlorfon and carbendazim on the tail pillar worm within 168 h was to inhibit the number of division of the insect body, but the number of division of the experimental group decreased gradually every 24 hours. In most toxicological experiments, the lethal and semi-lethal concentrations of drugs against organisms are measured, whether by killing all the tested organisms or half of the tested organisms. Its concentration can be used as an important parameter to measure the toxicity of toxic substances in water or soil to aquatic organisms. But this concentration is higher than the concentration that affects only the number of cell division. In fact, the concentration that affects the number of normal division times in the cells of the tail pillar worm has already affected the normal life activity of the organism, which is that the subtle physiological response of the organism to the trace toxin is not sufficient only by lethal or semi-lethal concentration indicators. The objective reaction came out. The results show that it is more objective and scientific to detect the toxicity of trace chemical pesticides in water environment or soil by detecting the splitting times of Phellodendron tinctorius, and to provide new reference data for toxicological experiments and environmental monitoring. It is a useful supplement to toxicology index.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X592
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 陈阅增,罗泽华,曹同庚;一个自配型梨形四膜虫的接合及其细胞学过程[J];动物学报;1982年04期
2 陈晶,邱子健,王瑞清,秦宇虹;运用激光扫描共聚焦显微技术研究大草履虫口胞器与消化胞器[J];动物学报;2005年04期
，本文编号：2401244
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/nykj/2401244.html
