施用氮肥对还田水稻秸秆腐解的影响

发布时间：2019-01-29 04:48

【摘要】：针对黑龙江省水稻秸秆量大、利用率低的问题,开展秸秆腐解规律研究,以期为解决秸秆综合利用问题提供理论依据。以水稻为试验材料,在秸秆还田条件下研究氮肥施用量对水稻秸秆腐解及养分释放速率的影响。结果表明:水稻秸秆在冬季腐解缓慢,水稻生长季腐解迅速,还田1年后累积腐解率为49.95%,还田2年累积腐解率为78.77%;施氮量在103~133 kg/hm~2时,秸秆腐解率较高。秸秆还田1年后磷、碳、氮含量分别降低了62.5%、5.40%、2.94%;腐解2年后磷、碳、氮含量分别降低了56.25%、12.73%、10.29%。在水稻还田1年后,不施氮肥提高了还田秸秆的碳氮比;而与不施氮肥相比,在适当施用氮肥的情况下水稻秸秆的氮磷比高。
[Abstract]:Aiming at the problem of large amount of straw and low utilization rate of rice straw in Heilongjiang Province, a study on the law of straw decomposition was carried out in order to provide theoretical basis for solving the problem of comprehensive utilization of straw. The effects of nitrogen fertilizer application on the decomposition and nutrient release rate of rice straw were studied under the condition of straw returning to the field. The results showed that the decomposition rate of rice straw was slow in winter and rapid in rice growing season. The cumulative decomposition rate was 49.95% and 78.77% respectively after returning to the field for one year, and the decomposition rate of straw was higher when nitrogen application rate was 1 03 ~ 133 kg/hm~ _ 2. The contents of phosphorus, carbon and nitrogen decreased by 62.5% 5.405.402.94 after straw returning to the field for 1 year, and the contents of phosphorus, carbon and nitrogen decreased 56.257.73% and 10.29 respectively after decomposing for 2 years. The C / N ratio of straw was increased by applying no nitrogen fertilizer for 1 year, and the ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus was higher than that without nitrogen fertilizer.
【作者单位】：黑龙江省农业科学院博士后科研工作站;黑龙江省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所;
【基金】：国家重点研发计划(编号:2016YFD0300204) 哈尔滨市科技创新人才项目(编号:2015RQQYJ075) 黑龙江省农业科技创新工程(编号:2014ZD004)
【分类号】：S141.4

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