种还分离玉米秸秆还田对土壤微生物量碳及酶活性的影响

发布时间：2019-02-13 20:06

【摘要】：在种还分离模式下采用尼龙网袋法对玉米秸秆还田进行田间原位模拟,比较不同秸秆还田量在不同还田深度下对土壤总有机碳、微生物量碳、纤维素酶活性和过氧化氢酶活性的影响。试验设置秸秆还田量0(R0),0.44%(R1),0.88%(R2)和1.32%(R3)4个水平和3个还田深度0—15,15—30,30—45cm交叉处理。结果表明:还田1年时,在0—15cm土层,土壤总有机碳、微生物量碳、纤维素酶活性和过氧化氢酶活性均随秸秆还田量增加而提高,且R3处理提升效果最显著,分别达到30.98%,101.16%,172.72%,5.40%;在15—30cm土层,秸秆还田处理的土壤总有机碳、微生物量碳含量和过氧化氢酶活性高于R0处理,但R1、R2、R3之间无显著性差异,纤维素酶活性随秸秆还田量增加而变大;在30—45cm土层,R2、R3处理的土壤总有机碳、微生物量碳含量和纤维素酶活性显著高于其他处理,各处理的过氧化氢酶活性并无显著差异。还田2年与还田1年相比,各处理的土壤总有机碳、微生物量碳、纤维素酶活性均降低,降低幅度分别为8.59%~35.36%,6.74%~29.16%,6.18%~31.72%,但过氧化氢酶活性呈增加趋势,以R3增幅最大,随土层加深,提升幅度为14.14%,10.14%,12.11%。说明在种还分离模式下可以高量秸秆还田,并可有效改善土壤肥力。
[Abstract]:In order to compare the soil total organic carbon (TOC) and microbial biomass carbon (microbial biomass carbon) under different returning depth, the field simulation of maize straw returning field was carried out by Nylon net bag method under the model of seed separation. Effects of cellulase activity and catalase activity. Four levels of straw returning amount 0 (R0), 0.44% (R1), 0.88% (R2) and 1.32% (R3) were set up in the experiment. The results showed that the soil total organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon, cellulase activity and catalase activity increased with the increase of straw returning amount in 0-15cm soil layer for 1 year, and the effect of R3 treatment was the most significant. They reached 30.98 and 101.16, about 172.72 and 5.40, respectively. In 15-30cm soil layer, the soil organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon content and catalase activity of straw returning treatment were higher than that of R0 treatment, but there was no significant difference between R1 and R2N R3, and the cellulase activity increased with the increase of straw returning amount. In 30-45cm soil layer, soil total organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon content and cellulase activity of R2N R3 treatment were significantly higher than those of other treatments, but there was no significant difference in catalase activity among different treatments. The total organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon and cellulase activity of each treatment decreased by 8.59 ~ 35.36% and 6.74 ~ 29.16%, respectively, compared with one year after returning to the field for 2 years, and the total organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon and cellulase activity of each treatment were all decreased by 8.59 ~ 35.36% and 6.18% ~ 31.72%, respectively. However, the activity of catalase showed an increasing trend, with the increase of R3 being the largest, with the deepening of soil layer, the increase was 14.14% and 10.14% and 12.11%. The results showed that high amount of straw could be returned to the field and soil fertility could be improved effectively under the model of seed separation.
【作者单位】：吉林农业大学资源与环境学院;
【基金】：吉林省科技厅重点基金项目(LFGC14213) 科技部丰粮工程项目(2012BAD04B02)
【分类号】：S141.4;S154

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