滨海盐土区4种典型耐盐植物盐分离子的积累特征
发布时间：2019-02-15 14:42
【摘要】：为了筛选降盐效果优良的适宜植物材料以合理利用耐盐植物改良滨海盐碱地,本研究通过田间试验系统探究了盐地碱蓬、田菁、红麻和高丹草的盐分离子积累特征。结果表明:4种植物地上生物量在成苗期和成熟期均为总生物量的80%以上,且大小为田菁红麻盐地碱蓬高丹草。高丹草和红麻对K+、Ca2+的吸收运输能力最强,盐地碱蓬和田菁对Na~+的吸收运输能力最强。根据各盐分离子占植物积累总盐分的比例,高丹草对K+积累量高于其他离子;田菁在成苗期主要积累K+,在成熟期主要积累Cl~ 和Na~+;红麻主要积累Cl~ 和K+;盐地碱蓬主要积累Na~+和Cl~ ,其体内的Na~+和Cl~ 分别占积累盐分总量的比例明显高于其余植物。从成苗期到成熟期的生长过程中,盐地碱蓬表现出Na~+积累比例持续下降,Cl~ 积累比例逐渐升高的趋势;田菁和高丹草表现为Na~+和Cl~ 积累比例均升高;红麻的Na~+和Cl~ 积累比例则表现为逐渐下降趋势。盐地碱蓬、田菁和红麻是滨海盐土改良的优良植物材料。
[Abstract]:In order to select suitable plant materials with good salt-reducing effect and to make rational use of salt-tolerant plants to improve saline-alkali land, the characteristics of salt ion accumulation of Suaeda salsa, Sesbania, kenaf and Gudanthus were studied by field experiment system. The results showed that the aboveground biomass of the four plants was more than 80% of the total biomass at the seedling stage and the maturity stage, and the size of the four plants was Suaeda salsa in the salt field of kenaf Sesbania. The absorption and transport ability of K and Ca2 were the strongest, and that of Suaeda salsa and Sesbania were the strongest. According to the ratio of salt ions to total salt accumulation in plants, the accumulation of K in Gudangrass was higher than that in other ions, K accumulated mainly in seedling stage, Cl~ and Na~ in mature stage, Cl~ and K in kenaf. Suaeda salsa mainly accumulates Na~ and Cl~, and the proportion of Na~ and Cl~ in its body is obviously higher than that of other plants. During the growth from seedling stage to mature stage, Suaeda salsa showed a continuous decrease in Na~ accumulation ratio and a gradual increase in Cl~ accumulation ratio, while Na~ and Cl~ accumulation ratio increased in Sesbania and Gudangrass. The accumulation ratio of Na~ and Cl~ in kenaf decreased gradually. Suaeda salsa, Sesbania and kenaf are excellent plant materials for the improvement of coastal saline soil.
【作者单位】： 河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所(唐山市植物耐盐研究重点实验室);土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所);
【基金】：河北省科技计划项目(152776122D) 河北省财政专项(F16R16003)资助
【分类号】：S156.4
本文编号：2423460
[Abstract]:In order to select suitable plant materials with good salt-reducing effect and to make rational use of salt-tolerant plants to improve saline-alkali land, the characteristics of salt ion accumulation of Suaeda salsa, Sesbania, kenaf and Gudanthus were studied by field experiment system. The results showed that the aboveground biomass of the four plants was more than 80% of the total biomass at the seedling stage and the maturity stage, and the size of the four plants was Suaeda salsa in the salt field of kenaf Sesbania. The absorption and transport ability of K and Ca2 were the strongest, and that of Suaeda salsa and Sesbania were the strongest. According to the ratio of salt ions to total salt accumulation in plants, the accumulation of K in Gudangrass was higher than that in other ions, K accumulated mainly in seedling stage, Cl~ and Na~ in mature stage, Cl~ and K in kenaf. Suaeda salsa mainly accumulates Na~ and Cl~, and the proportion of Na~ and Cl~ in its body is obviously higher than that of other plants. During the growth from seedling stage to mature stage, Suaeda salsa showed a continuous decrease in Na~ accumulation ratio and a gradual increase in Cl~ accumulation ratio, while Na~ and Cl~ accumulation ratio increased in Sesbania and Gudangrass. The accumulation ratio of Na~ and Cl~ in kenaf decreased gradually. Suaeda salsa, Sesbania and kenaf are excellent plant materials for the improvement of coastal saline soil.
【作者单位】： 河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所(唐山市植物耐盐研究重点实验室);土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所);
【基金】：河北省科技计划项目(152776122D) 河北省财政专项(F16R16003)资助
【分类号】：S156.4
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