伊金霍洛旗不同土地利用方式下的土壤养分特征

发布时间：2019-03-02 08:21

【摘要】：为分析内蒙古鄂尔多斯市伊金霍洛旗在4类土地利用方式(灌木林地、采矿用地、天然牧草地和农地)下,土壤养分质量分数的差异性,运用野外采样和室内化验、分析相结合的方法,测定4种土地类型在0~30 cm土层的土壤有机质和全量氮磷钾质量分数及pH值。结果表明:1)4类土地在0~30 cm土层的土壤有机质和全氮质量分数存在显著差异,土壤全磷量和全钾量差异不显著(P0.05),土壤有机质质量分数依次为农地天然牧草地灌木林地采矿用地,土壤全量氮磷钾最大值分别为天然牧草地、天然牧草地和灌木林地,最小值分别为采矿用地、灌木林地和天然牧草地;2)在垂直剖面上,采矿用地和天然牧草地的有机质质量分数随着土层深度的增加逐渐减小,农地和灌木林地的有机质质量分数最大值出现在20~30 cm深度的土层,4类土地的土壤全氮量和全磷量均有随土层深度的增加而下降的趋势,全钾量随土层深度的变化不明显。4类土地的土壤全氮和全钾质量分数整体而言较为理想,全磷和有机质质量分数欠缺。农地全磷质量分数基本能满足主要作物的生长需求,有机质和全氮质量分数不能满足主要作物的生长需求。本研究可为内蒙古中部工矿开采区土地合理利用以及退化的生态环境恢复等提供科学依据。
[Abstract]:In order to analyze the difference of soil nutrient content under four land use patterns (shrub forest, mining land, natural pasture and farmland) in Yijinhuoluo Banner, Erdos, Inner Mongolia, field sampling and laboratory tests were used. The soil organic matter, total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content and pH value of four land types in 0 ~ 30 cm soil layer were determined by combined analysis. The results showed that: 1) there were significant differences in soil organic matter and total nitrogen content in 0 ~ 30 cm soil layer, but there was no significant difference in soil total phosphorus and total potassium content (P0.05). The soil organic matter content in turn is natural forage land, shrub land mining land, soil total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium maximum value is natural pastoral grassland, natural pastoral grassland and shrub forest land, and the minimum value is mining land, the maximum value of soil total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is natural grazing grassland, natural grazing grassland and shrub forest land. Shrubs and natural pastures; 2) on the vertical profile, the mass fraction of organic matter in mining land and natural pastoral grassland decreases with the increase of soil depth, and the maximum content of organic matter in farmland and shrub land appears in the depth of 20 ~ 30 cm. The soil total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents of the four types of land decreased with the increase of soil depth, but the total potassium content did not change significantly with the depth of soil layer. The soil total nitrogen and total potassium content of the four types of land were ideal as a whole, and the soil total nitrogen and total potassium contents of the four types of land were more ideal as a whole. Total phosphorus and organic matter were deficient. The total phosphorus content in farmland can basically meet the growth needs of the main crops, while the organic matter and total nitrogen content can not meet the growth needs of the main crops. This study can provide scientific basis for rational use of land and restoration of degraded ecological environment in industrial and mining areas in central Inner Mongolia.
【作者单位】：内蒙古自治区土地调查规划院;内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院;
【基金】：2015年内蒙古产业创新人才团队“内蒙古鄂尔多斯能源开发区土地资源数量、质量、生态监测与持续利用野外科研基地建设”(201211050)
【分类号】：S158

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