整合分析方法与WEPP模型在安徽省径流侵蚀中的应用
发布时间：2019-03-07 11:56
【摘要】：近年来,安徽省建设了众多监测水土流失的径流小区,积累了大量自然地理、气象、径流侵蚀等资料。据些资料进行分析,力求得到在安徽省具有普遍性的水土流失规律,并用于指导水土保持的建设与管理工作,是径流小区建设后续最重要工作之一和意义所在。同时,寻求一个适用于安徽省地区,准确有效的土壤侵蚀预报模型,从而为安徽省制定有效水土流失治理方案,解决安徽省水土流失问题具有重要指导意义。为了揭示安徽省土壤侵蚀的一般规律,本文从不同空间尺度,探讨整合分析方法和WEPP模型在安徽省径流侵蚀中的应用。在面的层面上,整合安徽省各径流小区的径流侵蚀数据;在点的层面上,探讨WEPP模型坡面版在安徽省径流侵蚀研究中的适用性。论文主要成果如下:1、根据安徽省部分径流小区资料,基于整合分析原理,利用Review Managers软件,从下垫面、坡度条件、土地利用方式、水土保持措施等方面进行了整合分析,探讨了不同因素对安徽省径流侵蚀的影响。2、论证了整合分析方法在水土保持领域应用的合理性;分析结果表明:在农地、园地、林地、草地这四种土地利用方式中,农地对径流侵蚀减弱的效应值最低;在顺坡种植、等高种植、草灌/粮间作、坡改梯这四种水土保持耕作方式中,顺坡种植对径流侵蚀减弱的效应值最低,坡改梯的最高;在5?-10?、10?-15?、15?-20?、20?-25?四种坡度梯度中,随着坡度的增大,径流侵蚀效应值逐渐增加。同时,北方土石山区与南方红壤区表现出来的土壤侵蚀规律,存在异同点。虽然两种水力侵蚀类型下呈现出来的不同土地利用对径流减弱的大体规律相同,均为林地草地园地农地,但是,北方土石山区相较与南方红壤区对径流减弱的效果更为明显。3、以下垫面为研究重心,评价了不同土地利用方式、不同水土保持措施、不同坡度下WEPP模型在安徽省径路侵蚀研究中的适用性,研究结果表明:在园地、农地、林地三种不同的土地利用条件下,模型对园地小区模拟结果最好。三种不同的土地利用类型小区的径流量与侵蚀量模拟结果ME值均大于0.5。在顺坡种植与坡改梯两种不同的水土保持措施条件下,模型对顺坡种植小区模拟结果优于坡改梯。在5°、13°、19°、23°四中不同坡度条件下,模型对5°小区模拟效果最好,对23°的模拟效果最差,且随着坡度的增大,模型模拟的有效性逐步降低。
[Abstract]:In recent years, Anhui Province has built a large number of runoff plots to monitor soil and water loss, and accumulated a large number of physical geography, meteorology, runoff erosion and other data. It is one of the most important work and significance to guide the construction and management of soil and water conservation in Anhui Province by analyzing the data and trying to get the universal law of soil and water loss in Anhui Province. At the same time, it is of great significance to seek an accurate and effective soil erosion forecast model which is suitable for Anhui Province, so as to make effective soil and water loss control scheme and solve the soil erosion problem in Anhui Province. In order to reveal the general law of soil erosion in Anhui Province, this paper discusses the application of integrated analysis method and WEPP model in runoff erosion in Anhui Province from different spatial scales. At the surface level, the runoff erosion data of each runoff plot in Anhui Province were integrated, and the applicability of the slope version of WEPP model in runoff erosion study in Anhui Province was discussed at the point level. The main achievements of this paper are as follows: 1. Based on the data of some runoff plots in Anhui Province, based on the principle of integration analysis and using Review Managers software, the integration analysis is carried out from the aspects of underlying surface, slope condition, land use mode, soil and water conservation measures, and so on. The influence of different factors on runoff erosion in Anhui Province was discussed. 2. The rationality of the application of integrated analysis method in the field of soil and water conservation was demonstrated. The results show that among the four land use modes, farmland, garden, woodland and grassland, the effect of farmland on runoff erosion is the lowest. In the four soil and water conservation tillage methods of slope planting, equal height planting, grass irrigation / grain intercropping, slope changing ladder, the effect value of slope planting on the weakening of runoff erosion is the lowest, and the slope changing ladder is the highest. At 5-10, 10-15, 15-20, 20-25? Among the four gradient gradients, with the increase of slope, the value of runoff erosion effect increases gradually. At the same time, there are similarities and differences in the law of soil erosion between the northern and southern red soil regions. Although different land use under the two types of hydraulic erosion has the same general law of decreasing runoff, they are both woodland, grassland and garden farmland, but, Compared with the red soil area in the south, the effect of runoff weakening in the north of the soil-rock mountain area is more obvious. 3, the following surface is the research center of gravity, and the different land use modes and different soil and water conservation measures are evaluated, and different soil and water conservation measures are evaluated. The applicability of WEPP model in the study of road erosion in Anhui Province under different gradients is studied. The results show that under three different land use conditions: garden land, farmland and woodland, the model has the best simulation results for garden plot. The simulated results of runoff and erosion in three different land use types are all more than 0.5. The ME value of the runoff and erosion of the three different land use types is more than 0.5. Under the conditions of soil and water conservation measures of slope planting and slope upgrading, the simulation results of slope planting plot are better than those of slope transformation from slope to ladder. Under different slope conditions of 5 掳, 13 掳, 19 掳and 23 掳, the model has the best simulation effect for 5 掳cell and the worst for 23 掳, and with the increase of slope, the effectiveness of model simulation decreases gradually.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S157
本文编号：2436093
[Abstract]:In recent years, Anhui Province has built a large number of runoff plots to monitor soil and water loss, and accumulated a large number of physical geography, meteorology, runoff erosion and other data. It is one of the most important work and significance to guide the construction and management of soil and water conservation in Anhui Province by analyzing the data and trying to get the universal law of soil and water loss in Anhui Province. At the same time, it is of great significance to seek an accurate and effective soil erosion forecast model which is suitable for Anhui Province, so as to make effective soil and water loss control scheme and solve the soil erosion problem in Anhui Province. In order to reveal the general law of soil erosion in Anhui Province, this paper discusses the application of integrated analysis method and WEPP model in runoff erosion in Anhui Province from different spatial scales. At the surface level, the runoff erosion data of each runoff plot in Anhui Province were integrated, and the applicability of the slope version of WEPP model in runoff erosion study in Anhui Province was discussed at the point level. The main achievements of this paper are as follows: 1. Based on the data of some runoff plots in Anhui Province, based on the principle of integration analysis and using Review Managers software, the integration analysis is carried out from the aspects of underlying surface, slope condition, land use mode, soil and water conservation measures, and so on. The influence of different factors on runoff erosion in Anhui Province was discussed. 2. The rationality of the application of integrated analysis method in the field of soil and water conservation was demonstrated. The results show that among the four land use modes, farmland, garden, woodland and grassland, the effect of farmland on runoff erosion is the lowest. In the four soil and water conservation tillage methods of slope planting, equal height planting, grass irrigation / grain intercropping, slope changing ladder, the effect value of slope planting on the weakening of runoff erosion is the lowest, and the slope changing ladder is the highest. At 5-10, 10-15, 15-20, 20-25? Among the four gradient gradients, with the increase of slope, the value of runoff erosion effect increases gradually. At the same time, there are similarities and differences in the law of soil erosion between the northern and southern red soil regions. Although different land use under the two types of hydraulic erosion has the same general law of decreasing runoff, they are both woodland, grassland and garden farmland, but, Compared with the red soil area in the south, the effect of runoff weakening in the north of the soil-rock mountain area is more obvious. 3, the following surface is the research center of gravity, and the different land use modes and different soil and water conservation measures are evaluated, and different soil and water conservation measures are evaluated. The applicability of WEPP model in the study of road erosion in Anhui Province under different gradients is studied. The results show that under three different land use conditions: garden land, farmland and woodland, the model has the best simulation results for garden plot. The simulated results of runoff and erosion in three different land use types are all more than 0.5. The ME value of the runoff and erosion of the three different land use types is more than 0.5. Under the conditions of soil and water conservation measures of slope planting and slope upgrading, the simulation results of slope planting plot are better than those of slope transformation from slope to ladder. Under different slope conditions of 5 掳, 13 掳, 19 掳and 23 掳, the model has the best simulation effect for 5 掳cell and the worst for 23 掳, and with the increase of slope, the effectiveness of model simulation decreases gradually.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S157
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