膜下滴灌水稻甲烷排放试验研究
发布时间：2019-03-18 10:50
【摘要】：本文针对宁夏引黄灌区膜下滴灌水稻甲烷的排放问题,以银川市宁夏银川市贺兰县洪广镇金沙村二队农场膜下滴灌水稻试验示范田为基地,采取对比观测的方法,系统地对不同土壤含水率、不同施肥量、不同灌水技术条件下的膜下滴灌水稻甲烷排放问题进行了较为系统的研究,为引黄灌区水稻膜下滴灌推广提供了理论依据。其研究结果如下；(1)不同土壤含水率条件下,膜下滴灌水稻上空lm处的甲烷排放量随着含水率的降低而降低,日排放量呈先增长后下降的趋势,在每日的12：00达到峰值；不同处理的水稻株高有差距,但是不显著；水稻上空0.8m处温度的日变化规律呈现出先上升后下降的变化趋势；在一定的范温度范围内,早作膜下滴灌水稻地上玻璃罩内0.8m高处的温度越高,甲烷传输的效率越高,甲烷的排放量也就越大。(2)不同施肥量处理条件下的膜下滴灌水稻上空1m处的甲烷日排放量呈先增加后下降的趋势,水稻甲烷的排放量随着施肥量的增加而减少,说明在一定的程度内,施用尿素能够有效抑制水稻甲烷的排放。水稻的光合作用随着施肥量的增加而增加：不同的施肥量对旱作膜下滴灌水稻植株的整个发育过程中有影响但不显著。不同的施肥量对早作膜下滴灌水稻地上玻璃罩内0.8m高处的温度的日变化以及整个生育期的影响不明显,其日变化规律大致与甲烷的日排放变化规律相一致,呈现出先上升后下降的变化规律,整个生育期呈现出先增加后降低的变化规律,峰值出现在抽穗期；增加施肥量可以增加水稻的产量。(3)在不同灌水技术处理的条件下,采用滴灌的栽培方式能够显著减少甲烷的排放；滴灌处理的光合作用比喷灌处理的光合作用速率平均高11.45%。膜下滴灌水稻栽培技术比膜上喷灌水稻栽培技术更有益于水稻的生长,且有效抑制了甲烷的排放；水稻的整个发育过程中,不同灌水技术条件下对水稻株高的总体影响不大；膜下滴灌种植技术条件下水稻上空的温度平均高于膜上喷灌水稻2.6℃,即9.7%;整个生育期内,膜下滴灌水稻处理条件下的产量比膜上喷灌处理条件下的水稻产量平均高44.75%。
[Abstract]:Aiming at the methane emission of rice under mulch drip irrigation in Ningxia Yellow River diversion Irrigation area, the experiment and demonstration field of rice drip irrigation under film in Hongguang Zhen Jinsha Village second team Farm, Helan County, Yinchuan City, Ningxia Province, was used as the base, and the method of comparative observation was adopted. The methane emission of rice under mulch drip irrigation was systematically studied under different soil moisture content, different fertilizer application and different irrigation techniques, which provided a theoretical basis for the extension of rice drip irrigation under film in the irrigation area of the Yellow River. The results are as follows: (1) under the condition of different soil moisture content, the methane emission over lm under mulch drip irrigation decreased with the decrease of water content, and the daily emission increased first and then decreased, reaching the peak at 12:00 per day; The diurnal variation of temperature at 0.8m above rice showed a tendency of rising first and then decreasing. Within a certain range of normal temperature, the higher the temperature of 0.8m in the glass cover of rice ground under early film drip irrigation, the higher the efficiency of methane transport. The methane emissions also increased. (2) under different fertilization treatments, the daily methane emissions at 1m above the drip irrigation film increased first and then decreased, and the methane emissions decreased with the increase of fertilizer application. The results indicated that urea application could effectively inhibit methane emission from rice to a certain extent. The photosynthesis of rice increased with the increase of fertilizer application. Different fertilizer application rates had an effect on the whole development of rice plants under mulch drip irrigation, but not significant. The diurnal variation of temperature at 0.8m height and the whole growth period were not significantly affected by different fertilizer application rates, and the diurnal variation of the diurnal variation was approximately consistent with the diurnal emission of methane under drip irrigation of rice under early cropping film, and the diurnal variation of the diurnal variation was similar to that of methane diurnal emission. The growth period was increased and then decreased, and the peak value appeared at heading stage. The yield of rice could be increased by increasing the amount of fertilizer application. (3) under the condition of different irrigation techniques, the methane emission could be significantly reduced by drip irrigation. The photosynthesis rate of drip irrigation was 11.45% higher than that of sprinkler irrigation on average. The cultivation technique of drip irrigation under mulch was more beneficial to the growth of rice than that of sprinkling irrigation under film, and the methane emission was effectively inhibited, and the total effect of different irrigation techniques on the plant height of rice was not significant during the whole development process of rice, and the effect of different irrigation techniques on the plant height of rice was less than that of sprinkling irrigation under different irrigation conditions. Under the condition of drip irrigation under film, the average temperature over rice was 2.6 鈩，
本文编号：2442795
[Abstract]:Aiming at the methane emission of rice under mulch drip irrigation in Ningxia Yellow River diversion Irrigation area, the experiment and demonstration field of rice drip irrigation under film in Hongguang Zhen Jinsha Village second team Farm, Helan County, Yinchuan City, Ningxia Province, was used as the base, and the method of comparative observation was adopted. The methane emission of rice under mulch drip irrigation was systematically studied under different soil moisture content, different fertilizer application and different irrigation techniques, which provided a theoretical basis for the extension of rice drip irrigation under film in the irrigation area of the Yellow River. The results are as follows: (1) under the condition of different soil moisture content, the methane emission over lm under mulch drip irrigation decreased with the decrease of water content, and the daily emission increased first and then decreased, reaching the peak at 12:00 per day; The diurnal variation of temperature at 0.8m above rice showed a tendency of rising first and then decreasing. Within a certain range of normal temperature, the higher the temperature of 0.8m in the glass cover of rice ground under early film drip irrigation, the higher the efficiency of methane transport. The methane emissions also increased. (2) under different fertilization treatments, the daily methane emissions at 1m above the drip irrigation film increased first and then decreased, and the methane emissions decreased with the increase of fertilizer application. The results indicated that urea application could effectively inhibit methane emission from rice to a certain extent. The photosynthesis of rice increased with the increase of fertilizer application. Different fertilizer application rates had an effect on the whole development of rice plants under mulch drip irrigation, but not significant. The diurnal variation of temperature at 0.8m height and the whole growth period were not significantly affected by different fertilizer application rates, and the diurnal variation of the diurnal variation was approximately consistent with the diurnal emission of methane under drip irrigation of rice under early cropping film, and the diurnal variation of the diurnal variation was similar to that of methane diurnal emission. The growth period was increased and then decreased, and the peak value appeared at heading stage. The yield of rice could be increased by increasing the amount of fertilizer application. (3) under the condition of different irrigation techniques, the methane emission could be significantly reduced by drip irrigation. The photosynthesis rate of drip irrigation was 11.45% higher than that of sprinkler irrigation on average. The cultivation technique of drip irrigation under mulch was more beneficial to the growth of rice than that of sprinkling irrigation under film, and the methane emission was effectively inhibited, and the total effect of different irrigation techniques on the plant height of rice was not significant during the whole development process of rice, and the effect of different irrigation techniques on the plant height of rice was less than that of sprinkling irrigation under different irrigation conditions. Under the condition of drip irrigation under film, the average temperature over rice was 2.6 鈩，
本文编号：2442795
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