不同植被覆盖盐碱地碱化特征及养分状况

发布时间：2019-03-29 16:56

【摘要】：为进行区域耕地保护和质量提升,增加耕地数量,合理开发利用长期处于荒废状态的盐碱地势在必行。本研究采用常规经典的测试方法,对西辽河流域8种植被覆盖盐碱地土壤0-5、5-15、15-30和30-50cm剖面层的土壤有机质、速效养分、碱化特征及离子组成进行了分析。结果表明,不同植被覆盖盐碱地养分含量均不同,玉米(Zea mays)地、羊草(Leymus chinensis)+狗尾草(Setaria viridis)草地的有机质、速效养分含量较高;虎尾草(Chloris virgata)草地、裸地、碱蓬(Suaeda glauca)地的养分含量相近且极显著低于玉米地和羊草+狗尾草草地的养分含量(P0.01)。各生态景观的碱化特征在4个剖面层间均差异极显著(P0.01),羊草+狗尾草的pH、碱化度(ESP)和含盐量在4个剖面层中均低于其它生态景观的;裸地、碱蓬地、芦苇地(Phragmites australis)和芦苇苔草(Carex dariuscula)草地在4个剖面层的pH、ESP和含盐量均较高;碱蓬地与裸地在0-5cm剖面层的Na~+、CO_3~(2-)、HCO_3~-含量较高,玉米地、羊草+狗尾草的CO_3~(2-)和HCO_3~-较低。各植被覆盖地间的离子组成基本呈极显著性差异(P0.01)。由于盐碱化土壤退化到一定程度会变成裸地,不利于改良利用,因此,本研究通过比较不同植被覆盖盐碱地4个剖面层的养分状况和碱化特征,认为羊草+狗尾草覆盖有利于盐碱化土壤的改良。
[Abstract]:In order to improve the protection and quality of cultivated land and increase the quantity of cultivated land, it is imperative to develop and utilize the saline-alkali land which is in a state of being abandoned for a long time. In this study, the soil organic matter, quick-acting nutrient, alkalization and ion composition of soil 0-5,5-15,15-30 and 30-50 cm in the saline-alkali soil were analyzed by the conventional test method. The results show that the nutrient content of different vegetation covers the saline-alkali land is different, the organic matter and the quick-acting nutrient content of the grass in the maize (Zea mays), Leymus chinensis and Setaria viridis are higher, the content of quick-acting nutrients is higher, and the grass of the Chloris virgata, the naked land, The nutrient content of Suaeda glauca was similar and was significantly lower than that of corn and leymus chinensis (P 0.01). The alkalization of each ecological landscape was significantly different between the four sections (P0.01). The pH, alkalization degree (ESP) and salt content of the Leymus chinensis and the pennisetum were lower than that of the other ecological landscape in the four cross-section layers. The pH, ESP and salt content of Phragmites australis and the Carex dariuscula have high pH, ESP and salt content in the four cross-section layers; the content of Na +, CO _ 3 ~ (2-) and HCO _ 3 ~-in the 0-5cm section of the base is higher, and the CO _ 3 ~ (2-) and HCO _ 3 ~-lower in the cornfield, Leymus chinensis and Pteris. There was a very significant difference in the ion composition between the vegetation cover areas (P0.01). Because of the degradation of the saline-alkalized soil to a certain extent, it is not conducive to the improvement and utilization. Therefore, by comparing the nutrient status and the alkalization characteristics of the four sections of the saline-alkali land covered by different vegetation, this study is of the opinion that the covering of the Leymus chinensis and the pennisetum is beneficial to the improvement of the salinization soil.
【作者单位】：内蒙古民族大学农学院
【基金】：内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2013MS0605) 内蒙古自治区科技创新引导项目内蒙古民族大学重点项目(NMDGP1410)
【分类号】：S151.9

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