黄土丘陵区不同土地利用土壤有机碳和养分变化研究
发布时间：2019-04-02 03:17
【摘要】：黄土丘陵区自实施退耕还林工程以来土地利用方式发生了很大的变化。黄土丘陵区不但土地利用方式多样,地形和土壤质地也有很大的差异。土地利用变化是驱动土壤有机碳,全氮,全磷改变的主要因素。然而,截至目前,土壤有机碳,全氮,全磷随土地利用的变化还没被完全阐明,尤其是深层土壤(100 cm)。因此,我们在黄土丘陵区园则沟小流域研究了坡面上不同土地利用类型(农地,枣林,7年撂荒草地,30年撂荒草地)0-100cm土层土壤有机碳,全氮,全磷的变化。量化了深层土壤有机碳、全氮和全磷对整个土壤剖面的贡献量。此外在浅层土壤(0-100cm)我们还分析了土壤质地(粘粒、粉粒和沙粒)和地形因素(海拔、坡度和坡向)对土壤有机碳,全氮以及全磷的影响。对比分析了坡面和沟道土壤有机碳和全氮、全磷的差异。本实验所得主要研究结论如下:(1)在整个小流域内浅层0-100cm土壤粘粒大约为14%,粉粒大约为70%,沙粒大约为16%。0-100cm土壤剖面上沙粒,粉粒,粘粒含量在30年撂荒草地上变化较大,其他土地利用类型变化较小。农地,枣林,30年撂荒草地,7年撂荒草地和沟道土壤水分随着土壤深度的增加而增加。30年撂荒草地,枣林,7年撂荒草地,农地,沟道土壤含水量均值分别是10.29%,11.66%,10.08%,11.43%,11.34%。0-20,20-40,40-60,60-80,80-100cm土层土壤的平均容重分别为1.26,1.29,1.31,1.35,1.34 g cm-3,表层0-40cm平均土壤容重较小。(2)在浅层剖面(0-100cm)上土地利用类型显著影响表层0-20cm土壤有机碳含量和储量的分布,而20-100cm则不显著。30年撂荒草地土壤有机碳含量显著高于(P0.05)7年撂荒草地和农地。Pearson相关分析表明土壤质地分数和全氮与土壤有机碳含量呈显著或极显著相关关系(P0.05或0.01),而与地形因素则呈现较弱的相关关系。方差分析表明在0-40cm土层坡面与沟道土壤有机碳含量没有显著差异,但是在40cm土层下,坡面与沟道的土壤有机碳含量有显著差异性。在深层剖面(0-1800cm),土壤有机碳含量和储量随着土层深度的增加而减少,但深层土壤却有着较高的土壤有机碳封存量。在4种土地类型上,农地,7年撂荒草地,30年撂荒草地和枣林土壤有机碳在100-1800cm的积累量分别是浅层100cm的90.6,91.6,87.5,和88.6%。(3)在浅层剖面(0-60cm)上土地利用类型显著影响表层0-20cm土壤全氮含量,20-60cm则不显著。而全磷含量在整个0-60cm土层都没有显著性差异。在0-60cm土层土壤全氮含量沿土壤剖面呈减少趋势,而全磷随土层深度的增加则无明显规律性。与土壤有机碳相同的是土壤全氮、全磷与土壤质地(粘粒,粉粒和沙粒)呈显著性关系,与地形条件(坡向,坡位和海拔)有较弱相关性。方差分析表明在0-60cm土壤剖面上,坡面与沟道土壤全氮含量在0-40cm土层有显著性差异,在40-60cm没有显著性差异。坡面与沟道土壤全磷含量在0-60cm土层都有显著性差异。农地,7年撂荒草地,30年撂荒草地和枣林100-1000cm土层土壤全氮总储量分别占整个1000cm土壤剖面的70.6,81.5,69.3和78.6%;全磷总储量分别占40.6,51.5,49.2,和38.74%。
[Abstract]:The land-use method has changed greatly since the return of the forest to the forest in the hilly region of the loess region. The loess hilly region not only has a variety of land use methods, but also a great difference in the terrain and soil texture. Land use change is the main factor to drive the change of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus. However, as of the present, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus have not been fully elucidated with the change of land use, especially in the deep soil (100 cm). Therefore, we studied the changes of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in different land use types (agricultural land, date forest,7-year old grassland,30-year-old grassland) and 0-100 cm soil layer in the small watershed of the Loess Hilly-gully region. The contribution of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus to the whole soil profile was quantified. In addition, in the shallow soil (0-100 cm), the effects of soil texture (clay, silt and sand) on soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus were also analyzed. The difference of organic carbon and total nitrogen and total phosphorus between the slope and the channel was analyzed. The main results of this experiment are as follows: (1) The clay content in the shallow 0-100 cm soil is about 14% in the whole small watershed, the particle size is about 70%, and the sand grain is about 16%. The change of other land use types is small. The soil moisture content of the farmland, the jujube forest and the 30-year old grassland was increased with the increase of the depth of the soil. The mean value of the water content of the grassland, the date forest and the 7-year old grassland, the agricultural land and the channel soil was 10.29%, 11.66%, 10.08% and 11.43%, respectively. 11.34%.0-20,20-40,40-60,60-80,80-100 cm soil had a mean volume weight of 1.26, 1.29, 1.31, 1.35, 1.34g cm-3, and the mean soil bulk density of 0-40 cm was small. (2) The land-use type on the shallow profile (0-100 cm) significantly affected the distribution of the organic carbon content and reserves of the surface layer 0-20 cm, while the 20-100 cm was not significant. The soil organic carbon content of the 30-year-old grassland was significantly higher than that of the (P0.05)7-year old grassland and agricultural land. Pearson correlation analysis showed that soil texture and total nitrogen had significant or very significant correlation with soil organic carbon content (P0.05 or 0.01). The analysis of variance shows that there is no significant difference between the soil organic carbon content in the 0-40cm soil layer and the channel soil, but the soil organic carbon content of the slope and the channel is different under the soil layer of 40 cm. In the deep section (0-1800 cm), the soil organic carbon content and reserves decrease with the increase of the depth of the soil layer, but the deep soil has higher soil organic carbon sequestration capacity. The accumulation of organic carbon at 100-1800 cm was 90.6, 91.6, 87.5, and 88.6%, respectively, in the four types of land, agricultural land,7-year old grassland,30-year-old grassland and jujube forest soil organic carbon at 100-1800 cm, respectively. (3) The land-use type on the shallow section (0-60 cm) significantly affected the total nitrogen content of 0-20cm of the surface layer, and the total nitrogen content of 20-60cm was not significant. And the total phosphorus content is no significant difference between the whole 0-60 cm soil layer. The total nitrogen content of the soil in the 0-60 cm soil layer is decreasing along the soil profile, while the total phosphorus has no obvious regularity with the increase of the depth of the soil layer. The soil organic carbon is the same as the soil organic carbon, and the total phosphorus has a significant relationship with the soil texture (clay, silt and sand) and has a weak correlation with the terrain conditions (slope, slope and altitude). The variance of variance shows that the total nitrogen content in the soil profile of 0-60 cm has a significant difference in the 0-40cm soil layer, and there is no significant difference between 40-60 cm. There was a significant difference between the total phosphorus content of the slope and the channel soil in the 0-60 cm soil layer. The total nitrogen reserves of soil and total nitrogen in the soil and jujube forest of the 100-1000cm soil layer in the farmland and 7 years were 70.6, 81.5, 69.3 and 78.6%, respectively, and the total phosphorus in total phosphorus accounts for 40.6, 51.5, 49.2, and 38.74%, respectively.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S153.6;S158
本文编号：2452184
[Abstract]:The land-use method has changed greatly since the return of the forest to the forest in the hilly region of the loess region. The loess hilly region not only has a variety of land use methods, but also a great difference in the terrain and soil texture. Land use change is the main factor to drive the change of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus. However, as of the present, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus have not been fully elucidated with the change of land use, especially in the deep soil (100 cm). Therefore, we studied the changes of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in different land use types (agricultural land, date forest,7-year old grassland,30-year-old grassland) and 0-100 cm soil layer in the small watershed of the Loess Hilly-gully region. The contribution of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus to the whole soil profile was quantified. In addition, in the shallow soil (0-100 cm), the effects of soil texture (clay, silt and sand) on soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus were also analyzed. The difference of organic carbon and total nitrogen and total phosphorus between the slope and the channel was analyzed. The main results of this experiment are as follows: (1) The clay content in the shallow 0-100 cm soil is about 14% in the whole small watershed, the particle size is about 70%, and the sand grain is about 16%. The change of other land use types is small. The soil moisture content of the farmland, the jujube forest and the 30-year old grassland was increased with the increase of the depth of the soil. The mean value of the water content of the grassland, the date forest and the 7-year old grassland, the agricultural land and the channel soil was 10.29%, 11.66%, 10.08% and 11.43%, respectively. 11.34%.0-20,20-40,40-60,60-80,80-100 cm soil had a mean volume weight of 1.26, 1.29, 1.31, 1.35, 1.34g cm-3, and the mean soil bulk density of 0-40 cm was small. (2) The land-use type on the shallow profile (0-100 cm) significantly affected the distribution of the organic carbon content and reserves of the surface layer 0-20 cm, while the 20-100 cm was not significant. The soil organic carbon content of the 30-year-old grassland was significantly higher than that of the (P0.05)7-year old grassland and agricultural land. Pearson correlation analysis showed that soil texture and total nitrogen had significant or very significant correlation with soil organic carbon content (P0.05 or 0.01). The analysis of variance shows that there is no significant difference between the soil organic carbon content in the 0-40cm soil layer and the channel soil, but the soil organic carbon content of the slope and the channel is different under the soil layer of 40 cm. In the deep section (0-1800 cm), the soil organic carbon content and reserves decrease with the increase of the depth of the soil layer, but the deep soil has higher soil organic carbon sequestration capacity. The accumulation of organic carbon at 100-1800 cm was 90.6, 91.6, 87.5, and 88.6%, respectively, in the four types of land, agricultural land,7-year old grassland,30-year-old grassland and jujube forest soil organic carbon at 100-1800 cm, respectively. (3) The land-use type on the shallow section (0-60 cm) significantly affected the total nitrogen content of 0-20cm of the surface layer, and the total nitrogen content of 20-60cm was not significant. And the total phosphorus content is no significant difference between the whole 0-60 cm soil layer. The total nitrogen content of the soil in the 0-60 cm soil layer is decreasing along the soil profile, while the total phosphorus has no obvious regularity with the increase of the depth of the soil layer. The soil organic carbon is the same as the soil organic carbon, and the total phosphorus has a significant relationship with the soil texture (clay, silt and sand) and has a weak correlation with the terrain conditions (slope, slope and altitude). The variance of variance shows that the total nitrogen content in the soil profile of 0-60 cm has a significant difference in the 0-40cm soil layer, and there is no significant difference between 40-60 cm. There was a significant difference between the total phosphorus content of the slope and the channel soil in the 0-60 cm soil layer. The total nitrogen reserves of soil and total nitrogen in the soil and jujube forest of the 100-1000cm soil layer in the farmland and 7 years were 70.6, 81.5, 69.3 and 78.6%, respectively, and the total phosphorus in total phosphorus accounts for 40.6, 51.5, 49.2, and 38.74%, respectively.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S153.6;S158
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