干旱区矿区不同立地类型土壤种子库特征

发布时间：2019-04-20 14:49

【摘要】：矿区的自然或人工植被恢复是维持生物多样性及生态系统稳定的重要途径。通过室外萌发法对金昌镍铜矿区7种不同立地生境土壤种子库的研究表明:该区域土壤中物种丰富度较高,包括16科47属,共56种植物,分别为:藜科(Chenopodiaceae)、禾本科(Gramineae)、菊科(Compositae)、柽柳科(Tamaricaceae)、苋科(Amaranthaceae)、马齿苋科(Portulacaceae)、豆科(Leguminosae)、十字花科(Cruciferae)、车前科(Plantaginaceae)、胡颓子科(Elaeagnaceae)、蒺藜科(Zygophyllaceae)、莎草科(Cyperaceae)、大戟科(Euphorbiaceae)、紫草科(Boraginaceae)、蔷薇科(Rosaceae)、茄科(Solanaceae);植物组成以一年生草本植物占绝对优势(89.3%),多年生草本植物次之(7.54%),灌木种最少(2.59%)。土壤种子平均储量412粒·m~(-2),不同立地类型土壤种子库储量差异显著,与其他荒漠地区比较,土壤种子库储量偏低;土壤种子库物种Simpson多样性指数为:新尾矿周边自然植被区龙首矿自然植被区龙首矿开采废弃地供暖公司柽柳林地。
[Abstract]:Restoration of natural or artificial vegetation in mining area is an important way to maintain biodiversity and ecosystem stability. The soil seed bank of 7 different habitats in Jinchang Ni-Cu deposit was studied by the method of outdoor germination. The results showed that the species abundance in the soil was higher, including 16 families, 47 genera and 56 species, respectively: (Chenopodiaceae), gramineae (Gramineae), of Chenopodiaceae. (Compositae), Tamariaceae, (Tamaricaceae), amaranth, (Amaranthaceae), amaranth, (Portulacaceae), (Leguminosae), (Cruciferae), (Plantaginaceae), family (Elaeagnaceae), (Zygophyllaceae), (Cyperaceae), (Euphorbiaceae), Euphorbiaceae (Boraginaceae), Rosaceae, (Rosaceae), Solanaceae, (Solanaceae); Annual herbaceous plants were dominant (89.3%), perennial herbs (7.54%) and shrubs (2.59%). The average reserves of soil seeds were 412 m ~ (- 2), and the reserves of soil seed banks of different site types were significantly different. Compared with other desert areas, the reserves of soil seed banks were lower than those of other desert areas. The species Simpson diversity index of soil seed bank was as follows: Tamarix forest land of Longshou mining wasteland in the natural vegetation area around the new tailings.
【作者单位】：甘肃省白龙江林业科学研究所;甘肃省林业调查规划院;GEF(全球环境基金)甘肃省综合生态系统管理信息中心;甘肃省白龙江林业管理局;金川集团有限公司;中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院;
【基金】：中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养计划项目“金川集团镍铜尾矿库生态修复技术研发”资助
【分类号】：S154

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