地膜覆盖对黄土高原旱作春玉米田土壤碳氮组分的影响

发布时间：2019-04-27 12:51

【摘要】：基于2年田间试验,研究了地膜覆盖对旱作春玉米田土壤有机碳、全氮及其组分的影响,试验包括地膜覆盖玉米田、无覆盖玉米田和裸地休闲3个处理,分层测定了0—40cm土层有机碳、全氮、颗粒有机碳氮、潜在矿化碳氮和微生物量碳氮含量。结果表明:在0—40cm土层,各处理间土壤有机碳和全氮含量均无显著差异。与不覆盖相比,地膜覆盖处理0—40cm土层颗粒有机碳氮及其所占比例分别降低了29.0%,33.3%,29.9%,35.7%;0—10cm土层潜在可矿化碳及其所占比例分别降低了17.8%和16.1%,潜在可矿化氮和微生物量碳及其所占比例无显著差异,但在0—10cm土层地膜覆盖微生物量氮含量及其所占比例分别较不覆盖处理提高了10.6%和10.5%(p0.05)。与裸地休闲相比,无覆盖处理0—40cm土层潜在可矿化碳氮分别提高了12.8%和14.7%,地膜覆盖处理则分别提高了7.8%和6.5%(p0.05),但种植玉米降低了微生物量碳氮含量及其所占比例。在0—40cm土层覆盖与否对潜在可矿化碳氮和微生物量碳氮影响不显著。总体来看,地膜覆盖能够在一定程度上提高表土微生物量氮组分及其所占比例,但显著降低了中活性碳氮组分含量及其比例,不利于长期的土壤碳氮固定。
[Abstract]:Based on the two-year field experiment, the effects of plastic film mulching on soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and their components in dry spring maize fields were studied. The experiments included three treatments: plastic film mulching corn field, non-mulching corn field and bare land recreation. The contents of organic carbon, total nitrogen, granular organic carbon and nitrogen, potential mineralized carbon and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in 0-40cm soil layer were determined by stratification. The results showed that there was no significant difference in soil organic carbon and total nitrogen contents among the treatments in 0-40cm soil layer. Compared with no mulching, the proportion of organic carbon and nitrogen in 0-40cm soil layer decreased by 29.0%, 33.3%, 29.9% and 35.7%, respectively. The potential mineralized carbon and its proportion in the 0-10cm soil layer decreased by 17.8% and 16.1%, respectively, and there was no significant difference in the potential mineralized nitrogen and microbial biomass carbon and their proportion. However, the microbial biomass nitrogen content and the proportion of microbial biomass nitrogen increased by 10.6% and 10.5% (p0.05) respectively in 0-10cm soil layer under plastic film mulching compared with the non-mulching treatment. The potential mineralizable carbon and nitrogen of 0-40cm soil layer increased by 12.8% and 14.7% respectively, and that of plastic film mulching treatment increased by 7.8% and 6.5% (p0.05), respectively, compared with that of bare land recreation, and that of non-mulching treatment increased by 12.8% and 14.7%, respectively. But planting maize reduced the microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen content and its proportion. The potential mineralizable carbon-nitrogen and microbial biomass carbon-nitrogen were not significantly affected by 0-40cm soil mulching or not. In general, plastic film mulching could improve microbial biomass nitrogen and its proportion to a certain extent, but significantly reduce the content and proportion of activated carbon and nitrogen, which was not conducive to long-term soil carbon and nitrogen fixation.
【作者单位】：西北大学城市与环境学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31570440,31270484) 西北大学研究生自主创新项目(YZZ13006)
【分类号】：S153.6

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