植物营养调理品的应用效果研究

发布时间：2019-04-28 07:45

【摘要】：土壤酸化严重制约作物产量的提高,而因不合理施肥引起的土壤酸化越来越严重,施用植物营养调理品可有效改善酸化土壤,本试验以花生和生姜为供试作物,相同氮磷钾施肥量的基础上,设置对照(CK)、普通肥料处理1(GF1)、普通肥料处理2(GF2)、植物营养调理品处理1(PNC1)和植物营养调理品处理2(PNC2)五个处理。研究植物营养调理品对花生和生姜产量和品质及其对酸性土壤的改良效果,旨在为植物营养调理品对酸性土壤的改良和合理施用提供理论依据和技术支撑。主要研究结果如下:1、植物营养调理品的施用能显著提高土壤pH,而普通肥料的施用则会加速土壤酸化进程。花生上植物营养调理品处理较对照土壤pH上升0.02~0.65,普通肥料处理则下降0.15~0.23;生姜上植物营养调理品处理土壤pH上升0.01~0.46,但普通肥料处理则下降0.04~0.16。与普通肥料处理比较,植物营养调理品能显著增加土壤交换性钙、镁含量,从而减缓土壤酸化进程。2、植物营养调理品处理在植株生长前期氮磷钾含量高于对照处理,但低于普通肥料处理,随着作物生育期的延长,其含量增加,养分缓慢释放,有利于作物生长。3、不同施肥处理对花生和生姜产量的影响不同。与不施肥的对照比较,普通肥料处理花生产量没有显著提高,但生姜产量显著增加。植物营养调理品增产效果显著优于普通肥料,花生增产8%~12%,生姜增产6.48%~29.47%。4、本次试验研究表明施用植物营养调理品可显著改善花生籽粒和生姜品质,其中花生粗脂肪显著增加2.97%~4.77%,可溶性糖显著增加8.24%~12.82%,施用植物营养调理品未对花生粗蛋白含量造成显著影响;生姜施用植物营养调理品后维生素C(VC)含量较普通肥料处理显著增加26.03%~58.50%,可溶性糖显著增加2.58%~9.77%。
[Abstract]:Soil acidification seriously restricts the increase of crop yield, and the soil acidification caused by unreasonable fertilization is becoming more and more serious. The application of plant nutrients can effectively improve the acidified soil. Peanut and ginger were used as the experimental crops in this experiment. On the basis of the same amount of N, P and K application, five treatments were set up: control (CK), common fertilizer treatment 1 (GF1), common fertilizer treatment 2 (GF2), plant nutrient conditioning treatment 1 (PNC1) and plant nutrient conditioning treatment 2 (PNC2). The effects of plant nutrient conditioners on the yield and quality of peanut and ginger and their effects on acid soil were studied in order to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the improvement and rational application of plant nutrient conditioners to acid soil. The main results are as follows: 1. The application of plant nutrients can significantly improve soil pH, and the application of common fertilizer can accelerate the process of soil acidification. Compared with the control soil, the pH of peanut treated with plant nutrient conditioners increased by 0.02 脳 0.65, while that of common fertilizer treatment decreased by 0.15 脳 0.23. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the two treatments. The soil pH increased by 0.01 ~ 0.46, but decreased by 0.04 ~ 0.16 in the common fertilizer treatment. Compared with common fertilizer treatment, plant nutrient conditioner could significantly increase the content of exchangeable calcium and magnesium in soil, thus slowing soil acidification process. 2, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in plant nutrient conditioning treatment was higher than that in control treatment at the early stage of plant growth. But lower than the ordinary fertilizer treatment, with the extension of crop growth period, its content increased, nutrient release slowly, which was beneficial to crop growth. 3, different fertilization treatments had different effects on peanut and ginger yield. Compared with the control without fertilization, the yield of peanut treated with common fertilizer did not increase significantly, but the yield of ginger increased significantly. The effect of plant nutrient conditioning was better than that of common fertilizer. Peanut increased 8% / 12%, ginger 6.48% / 29.47%. 4. This experiment showed that the application of plant nutrient conditioning could significantly improve the quality of peanut seeds and ginger, and the yield of peanut and ginger increased by 8% and 29.47% respectively. Crude fat and soluble sugar increased by 2.97% / 4.77% and 8.24% / 12.82%, respectively. The content of vitamin C (VC) and soluble sugar in ginger were increased by 26.03% and 2.58% and 9.77%, respectively.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S156.6

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