稻秸秆切碎装置设计与试验研究
[Abstract]:Rice straw is an important agricultural resource, which can be used in livestock feed, papermaking raw materials, building materials, biomass energy and organic fertilizer. In recent years, the utilization of rice straw is mainly mechanical return to the field, but the power consumption is large, the machine is entangled with grass, the mud is serious, and the operation effect is poor, which seriously affects the utilization of rice straw resources. On the basis of collecting and sorting out a large number of literatures, this paper introduces the present situation of straw shredding devices at home and abroad, analyzes the advantages, disadvantages and limitations of various devices, and probes into the development trend of rice straw shredding and returning equipment. In view of the problems of high stubble, heavy soil bonding and consolidation, easy to wrap grass and mud, which affect the quality of box ridging device and the emergence rate of rapeseed, the rice rape planting machine ploughing parts are easy to wrap grass and mud, which affects the quality of box ridging device and the emergence rate of rapeseed. A direct seeding planting method of rapeseed covered with grass was put forward, in which the field rice straw was collected and shredded and bypassed the cultivated parts and evenly covered between sowing lines, and a multifunctional direct seeding machine for rapeseed was designed. In order to realize the working procedure of uniform shredding and returning rice straw to the field by multifunctional rape grass mulching direct seeding machine, a kind of rice straw shredding device was designed, which was installed coaxial with moving knife, fixed knife and wind feed blade. The statics finite element analysis of the frame parts of the device is carried out, the structural parameters of the frame are optimized, and the dynamic modal analysis of the frame is carried out to avoid resonance in the working process. Design-Expert data analysis software is used. The multi-factor quadratic orthogonal rotation combination test of cutting rice straw "station stalk" and "residual stubble" was studied. Through the variance analysis of the model and the fitting of quadratic regression model, the qualified rate of rice straw shredding length was obtained. The quadratic multiple regression equation of the influence of power loss on three independent variables is obtained, and the qualified rate of three independent variable influencing factors on shredding length is obtained. The order of power loss from large to small is the rotating speed of the rotating shaft of the moving tool and the clearance of the moving cutter. Feed roller speed; The effects of these three factors on the qualified rate and power loss of "station stalk" and "residual stubble" shredding length of rice straw were analyzed by response surface method. The optimal combination of parameters for shredding "station culm" and "stubble" is obtained as follows: feeding roller speed 399.2 r min, 401.64 r min; The rotating speed of the rotating shaft of the moving tool is 968.12 r / min, 977.23 r / min, and the qualified rate of the shredding length of the cutting length is 95.89% and 97.09% at the time of 0.52 mm,0.49 mm; of the moving knife clearance, and the qualified rate of the cutting length is 95.89% and 97.09% respectively. The predicted value of power loss software is 3.04 kW,2.60 kW.. The difference between the qualified rate of "station culm" and "residual stubble" shredding length and the predicted value of software is 0.11% and 0.11%, respectively, and the difference between the qualified rate of shredding length and the predicted value of software is 0.11% and 0.11%, respectively. The difference of power loss is 0.05 kW,0.08 kW;. The actual test value is in good agreement with the predicted value of the software. The qualified rate of rice straw is more than 90%, which meets the agronomic requirements of rice straw returning to the field, which is less than 90% of the average shredding length of 150mm rice straw. Finally, according to the theoretical analysis conclusion that the higher the rotating speed of the rotating shaft and the smaller the clearance of the moving knife, the higher the qualified length rate of rice straw shredding, the existing form of rice straw in the field is synthesized. The rotating speed of the feeding roller, the rotating speed of the rotating shaft and the clearance of the moving cutter are 401.64 r / min, 977.23 r / min and 0.49 mm, respectively. This study provides a technical reference for the industrialization of multifunctional direct seeding machine covered with grass.
【学位授予单位】:湖南农业大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2015
【分类号】:S224.29
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