不同耕作措施下秸秆还田对土壤速效养分和微生物量的影响

发布时间：2019-05-29 12:54

【摘要】：为揭示西辽河平原玉米秸秆还田的效应,在2014—2015年设秸秆深翻还田(DR)和秸秆旋耕还田(RR)2个处理,以旋耕不还田(CK)为对照,研究了不同耕作措施下秸秆还田当年和次年对土壤速效养分和微生物量的影响。结果表明:DR和RR均能不同程度的提高土壤碱解氮、速效钾的含量和细菌、真菌、放线菌的数量,且DR较RR的效果更为明显,RR对土壤有效磷含量影响不大。秸秆还田次年完熟期,3个土层(0—10,10—20,20—30cm)的平均值,土壤碱解氮含量DR和RR分别较CK增加了26.60%,16.34%,有效磷含量分别增加了19.81%,0.92%,速效钾含量分别增加了23.95%,12.53%,3个土层的总计,细菌数量分别增加36.46%,9.80%,真菌数量分别增加了22.10%,21.90%,放线菌数量分别增加23.55%,17.38%。秸秆还田当年与次年相比,土壤速效养分除拔节期当年增长幅度低于次年外,其他各时期均表现为当年增长幅度高于次年,微生物量表现为次年增长幅度高于当年;秸秆还田与对照相比,土壤速效养分和微生物量的增加,主要表现在0—10cm土层;不同生育时期相比,土壤速效养分还田当年以完熟期最大,次年以拔节期最大。
[Abstract]:In order to reveal the effect of corn straw returning in Xiliao River Plain, two treatments, (DR) and (RR), were set up from 2014 to 2015, and (CK) was used as control. The effects of straw returning to the field under different farming measures on soil available nutrients and microbial biomass in the same year and the following year were studied. The results showed that both DR and RR could increase the content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available potassium and the number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in different degrees, and the effect of DR was more obvious than that of RR, and RR had little effect on the content of available phosphorus in soil. The soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content DR and RR increased 26.60%, 16.34%, 19.81% and 0.92%, respectively, compared with CK, the average value of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and RR increased by 26.60%, 16.34%, 19.81% and 0.92%, respectively, in the three soil layers (0: 10, 10: 20, 20: 30 cm). The content of available potassium increased by 23.95% and 12.53% respectively. The total number of bacteria and fungi increased by 36.46% and 9.80% respectively, and the number of fungi increased by 22.10% and 21.90% respectively. The number of actinomycetes increased by 23.55% and 17.38%, respectively. Compared with the following year, the increase of soil available nutrients in the same year was lower than that in the following year, and the growth rate of soil available nutrients in the other periods was higher than that in the following year, and the microbial biomass in the following year was higher than that in the same year. Compared with the control, the increase of soil available nutrients and microbial biomass was mainly in 0-10cm soil layer. Compared with the control, the soil available nutrients returned to the field at different growth stages were the largest at the maturity stage and the largest at the jointing stage the following year.
【作者单位】：内蒙古民族大学农学院内蒙古自治区饲用作物工程技术研究中心;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD07B04) 内蒙古民族大学研究生科研立项(NMDSS1428)
【分类号】：S158;S154.3

【相似文献】