坡面不同截-排水沟布置方式下土壤微团聚体流失特征
发布时间：2019-06-03 16:52
【摘要】：传统坡面水系工程主要在节约工程量的考量下,把截水沟布置成平行于等高线的形式,但为了符合坡面自然排水状况,该研究中考虑用汇流和分流的方式来探究从理论上改变坡面沟道的基本形状是否具有可行性。该研究设计按比例缩小的坡-沟模型,以无措施坡面为对照,用人工模拟降雨的方法探究在不同坡度、地类坡面上布置汇流型和分流型截排水沟道后,坡面土壤微团聚体的流失变化规律。结果表明:在各个地类和坡度中,布置汇流和分流截排水措施后均出现较小颗粒微团聚体(5μm)在侵蚀泥沙中富集的现象;在坡耕地中,布设截排水措施能显著稳定土壤小粒径微团聚体(5μm)比例的稳定性,但分流截排水措施的效果更加明显,但在5°和10°时,汇流截排水措施能更好减缓坡面土壤粗化(250~1 000μm)趋势;汇流措施能减少林地侵蚀泥沙中微团聚体富集的波动性并控制林地坡面较小粒径微团聚体流失(5μm)的程度,但在荒草地中,总体来看,汇流措施对控制坡面微团聚体流失具有更强的作用。汇流型和分流型截排水措施对不同地类坡面微团聚体的控制保护各有侧重,在布设坡面沟道时,根据坡面、土壤实际情况和土壤保护要求来选择坡面截排水措施是极有必要的。该研究为进一步研究坡面自然排水方式在现实中运用可能性和可行性提供部分基础资料。
[Abstract]:Under the consideration of saving the amount of engineering, the traditional slope water system project arranges the cut-off ditch in a form parallel to the contours, but in order to meet the natural drainage conditions of the slope, In this study, confluence and shunt are considered to explore the feasibility of theoretically changing the basic shape of the slope channel. In this study, a slope-trench model with proportional reduction is designed, and the method of artificial rainfall simulation is used to explore the arrangement of confluence type and shunt cut-off drainage channel on different slope and land slope, compared with the non-measure slope, and the method of artificial simulation rainfall is used to explore the arrangement of confluence type and shunt cut-off drainage channel on different slope and land slope. The variation of microaggregates loss in slope soil. The results show that small particle microaggregates (5 渭 m) are enriched in eroded sediment after the arrangement of confluence and shunt drainage measures in each land type and slope. In sloping farmland, the distribution of cut-off drainage measures can significantly stabilize the stability of soil small particle size microaggregates (5 渭 m), but the effect of shunt cutting and drainage measures is more obvious, but at 5 掳and 10 掳, Confluence interception and drainage measures can better slow down the trend of soil coarsening (250 鈮，
本文编号：2492084
[Abstract]:Under the consideration of saving the amount of engineering, the traditional slope water system project arranges the cut-off ditch in a form parallel to the contours, but in order to meet the natural drainage conditions of the slope, In this study, confluence and shunt are considered to explore the feasibility of theoretically changing the basic shape of the slope channel. In this study, a slope-trench model with proportional reduction is designed, and the method of artificial rainfall simulation is used to explore the arrangement of confluence type and shunt cut-off drainage channel on different slope and land slope, compared with the non-measure slope, and the method of artificial simulation rainfall is used to explore the arrangement of confluence type and shunt cut-off drainage channel on different slope and land slope. The variation of microaggregates loss in slope soil. The results show that small particle microaggregates (5 渭 m) are enriched in eroded sediment after the arrangement of confluence and shunt drainage measures in each land type and slope. In sloping farmland, the distribution of cut-off drainage measures can significantly stabilize the stability of soil small particle size microaggregates (5 渭 m), but the effect of shunt cutting and drainage measures is more obvious, but at 5 掳and 10 掳, Confluence interception and drainage measures can better slow down the trend of soil coarsening (250 鈮，
本文编号：2492084
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