甲嘧磺隆和炔草酯对土壤微生物呼吸强度和氮转化的影响

发布时间：2019-06-19 20:47

【摘要】：为探究除草剂对土壤微生物的毒性效应,以土壤微生物的呼吸强度和氮转化作为检测指标,分别考察了甲嘧磺隆和炔草酯对红壤、棕壤和潮土中微生物呼吸强度的影响以及对潮土氮转化的影响。结果表明:将供试农药以田间推荐剂量、10倍推荐剂量和100倍推荐剂量施入土壤15 d后,甲嘧磺隆对棕壤微生物表现为呼吸强度抑制作用,对潮土为促进作用,而红壤中除10倍推荐剂量处理组表现出抑制作用外其余两组均表现出促进作用;炔草酯会抑制红壤和棕壤中微生物的呼吸强度,但会促进潮土中微生物的呼吸强度。氮转化试验结果表明:以田间推荐剂量和5倍推荐剂量施入潮土后,甲嘧磺隆在7、14、28、42、56和70 d均能显著促进其硝酸盐含量;炔草酯除28 d时田间推荐剂量处理组的硝酸盐含量显著高于对照组外,其余0、7、14和42 d硝酸盐含量与对照组相比均无显著差异。综上所述,两种除草剂对3种土壤类型微生物的呼吸强度为低毒,对潮土氮转化功能没有长期影响。
[Abstract]:In order to investigate the toxic effects of herbicides on soil microorganisms, the effects of metosulfuron and alkynyl ester on microbial respiration intensity in red soil, brown soil and tidal soil, as well as on nitrogen transformation in tidal soil, were investigated by using the respiration intensity and nitrogen transformation of soil microorganisms as detection indexes. The results showed that after the field recommended dose, 10 times recommended dose and 100 times recommended dose were applied to the soil for 15 days, methylulfuron could inhibit the respiration intensity of brown soil microorganisms and promote the tidal soil, while the other two groups showed promoting effect except the 10 times recommended dose treatment group. Alkynyl ester can inhibit the respiration rate of microorganisms in red soil and brown soil, but promote the respiration intensity of microorganisms in tidal soil. The results of nitrogen conversion test showed that metosulfuron could significantly promote nitrate content at 7, 14, 28, 42, 56 and 70 days after application of field recommended dose and 5 times recommended dose to tidal soil, while the nitrate content of field recommended dose treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group at 28 days, but there was no significant difference in nitrate content at the other 0, 7, 14 and 42 days between the treatment group and the control group, but the nitrate content in the field recommended dose treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group at the 28th day, and the nitrate content in the field recommended dose treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group. To sum up, the two herbicides had low toxicity to the respiration intensity of the three soil types of microorganisms, and had no long-term effect on the nitrogen transformation function of tidal soil.
【作者单位】：广东中科英海科技有限公司;佛山市环境健康与安全评价研究中心;
【分类号】：S482.4;S154.3

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