粉垄耕作对南方旱坡木薯种植地水土流失及产量的影响

发布时间：2019-07-01 18:31

【摘要】：为探究粉垄等耕作方式对坡耕地水土流失及作物产量的影响,以南方15°坡耕地为研究对象,研究在粉垄耕作与传统耕作2种耕作处理下,木薯生育不同时期坡耕地水土流失情况,以及对木薯产量相关因素的影响。结果显示,在木薯苗期、薯块膨大期和成熟期,与传统耕作相比,粉垄耕作增加土壤蓄水量,且随土层加深蓄水量增加效果更明显,40~60 cm土层土壤蓄水量分别增加14.93%、15.60%和18.03%;地表径流量减少42.03%,土壤流失量减少44.62%,氮、磷和钾养分流失量分别减少49.61%、31.22%和42.49%;木薯产量增加20.13%。粉垄耕作可提高南方旱坡地的土壤蓄水能力,有效减少地表产流次数和径流量,显著减少土壤、水分以及养分的流失,促进木薯生长发育、产量提高。
[Abstract]:In order to study the effects of silty ridge and other farming methods on soil and water loss and crop yield of sloping farmland in southern China, the soil and water loss of sloping farmland in different periods of cassava growth and the related factors of cassava yield were studied under two kinds of cultivation treatments: silky ridge farming and traditional tillage. The results showed that at cassava seedling stage, tuber expansion stage and mature stage, compared with traditional tillage, silky ridge cultivation increased soil water storage, and the effect of soil water storage increased more obviously with the deepening of soil layer. The soil water storage increased by 14.93%, 15.60% and 18.03%, respectively, in 40 脳 60 cm soil layer. The surface runoff decreased by 42.03%, the soil loss decreased by 44.62%, the diversion loss of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium decreased by 49.61%, 31.22% and 42.49%, respectively, and the cassava yield increased by 20.13%. Silty ridge farming can improve the soil water storage capacity of dry slope land in the south, effectively reduce the number of surface runoff and runoff, significantly reduce the loss of soil, water and nutrients, promote the growth and development of cassava, and increase the yield.
【作者单位】：广西农业科学院经济作物研究所;
【基金】：广西科学研究与技术开发计划项目(桂科攻1222014-2C) 国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-12-gxgxq)
【分类号】：S533;S157

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