雨强和土地利用对豫西南山区氮磷流失的影响

发布时间：2019-07-01 20:07

【摘要】：为了掌握雨强和土地利用方式对丹江口水库水源区养分流失的影响,通过室内人工模拟降雨试验,对从豫西南山区采集的5种常见土地利用类型的表层土壤,开展了6种雨强下TN(总氮)、TP(总磷)的流失规律研究。结果表明:1地表产流中,雨强对TN的平均含量影响显著,雨强大于1.0 mm/min时才会对TP的含量产生影响;不同用地产生的泥沙中,雨强大于等于3.0 mm/min时才会对TN、TP的含量产生显著影响。2土地类型对TN、TP的流失量也有极大的影响,乔木林、灌草地因其具有较坡耕地、梯田与荒草地更好的土壤结构,TN、TP的流失量相对较少,但前两者之间与后三者之间的差异不大。3对径流中TN、TP的含量与雨强作回归分析,除乔木林地和灌草地略有不同外,其他各用地类均为对数拟合的效果最差,多项式拟合的决定系数较高;不同用地产沙中TN、TP含量与雨强的关系,均以多项式拟合的效果为最好。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the influence of rain intensity and land use mode on nutrient loss in Danjiangkou reservoir water source area, the loss law of TN (total nitrogen), TP (total phosphorus) under six kinds of rain intensity was studied by indoor artificial simulated rainfall experiment on five common land use types of topsoil collected from the mountainous area of southwest Henan. The results show that: (1) in the surface runoff, the rain intensity has a significant effect on the average content of TN, and only when the rain is stronger than 1.0 mm/min has an effect on the content of TP; The sediment produced by different land use has a significant effect on the content of TN,TP when the rain intensity is greater than or equal to 3.0 mm/min. 2 the land type also has a great influence on the loss of TN,TP. Arbor forest and irrigated grassland have better soil structure than sloping farmland, terraces and wasteland, but the loss of TN,TP is relatively small, but the difference between the first two and the latter three is not significant. (3) Arbor forest and irrigated grassland have better soil structure than sloping farmland, terraces and wasteland, but the difference between the former two and the latter three is not significant. 3. The regression analysis between TP content and rain intensity showed that the logarithmic fitting effect of other land types was the worst except that the tree forest land and irrigated grassland were slightly different, and the determination coefficient of multinomial fitting was higher. The relationship between TN,TP content and rain intensity in different land yield and sediment yield is the best.
【作者单位】：黄河水文水资源科学研究院;河南省水文水资源局;河南省水土保持监督监测总站;
【基金】：河南省科技攻关计划项目(GG200901,GG201412)
【分类号】：S157

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