生物质基沙漠改良剂水肥基础特性研究
发布时间：2019-07-06 10:25
【摘要】：本论文以木质素、再生低密度聚乙烯(RLDPE)和皮胶三种工业上产量巨大的工业废弃物为原材料,从废弃资源的高效环境友好再利用和治理土壤沙化、荒漠化的角度出发,利用物理共混方法制备出生物质基沙漠改良剂,系统研究了三种材料及沙漠风成沙的基本物理特征及三种材料对沙漠水分物理性质和保肥性能影响及应用特性。结果表明：1、本试验中所用沙漠风成沙以细沙为主,粒径在0.1-0.25mm之间的占总质量的80%以上。风成沙颗粒中主要含有Si、O、Al、Ca及少量K、Fe、Mg元素,风成沙颗粒主要由二氧化硅、钾长石、钠长石、碳酸钙、含铁硅酸钙及含钙钠长石组成。风成沙中有机质含量极低,C/H/N/S四元素总量在总质量中所占比例低于1.5%；木质素、RLDPE和皮胶中均以C为主要组成元素,C/H比在木质素中约为0.924,RLDPE中约为0.496,皮胶中约为0.505。2、木质素、RLDPE和皮胶的掺加均对风成沙饱和含水量的提高具有促进作用,木质素/RLDPE/皮胶掺量为10/15/20(%)时,风成沙饱和含水量为73.39%,是对照组的3.87倍,皮胶和RLDPE对该指标影响分别达到极显著和显著水平；稳定凋萎含水量达到最大值23.72%,与对照组相比增大幅度1812.90%,皮胶影响达到极显著水平；土样田间持水量为162.56%,与对照组相比增大716.88%,皮胶和RLDPE的掺加对风成沙田间持水量的提高具有显著促进作用。木质素/RLDPE/皮胶掺量为10/20/20(%)时风成沙有效含水量最大且皮胶和RLDPE对该指标影响达到显著水平。三种材料对风成沙有效含水量的影响大小为：皮胶RLDPE木质素,三种材料在风成沙中最佳掺量分别为20%、20%和10%。SEM分析表明改良材料能够粘附于风成沙颗粒表面,促进颗粒团聚。3、单因素试验表明,RLDPE掺量为20%时,风成沙容重减小至0.91g·cm-3,比重减小至1.87,容重和比重分别下降41.54%和30.22%；木质素掺量为20%时,风成沙容重和比重分别减小至1.31g·cm-3和2.32,减小幅度分别为16.03%和13.43%；皮胶掺量为20%时,风成沙容重和比重分别达到最小值1.34g·cm-3和2.28,下降幅度分别为14.1%和14.93%,一定掺量条件下,木质素、RLDPE和皮胶的加入均能够使风成沙容重和比重减小,且RLDPE和皮胶对容重和比重影响均达显著水平。皮胶掺量为20%时,风成沙孔隙度达到最大值41.23%,与对照相比下降1.34%；木质素掺量为10%时风成沙孔隙度最大为46.12%,与对照相比提高了10.36%；RLDPE掺量为20%时孔隙度为51.32%,是对照组的1.23倍；木质素/RLDPE/皮胶掺量为20/15/10(%)时风成沙孔隙度达到最大值49.46%,提高率为18.35%。4、木质素掺加20%时,风成沙对钾离子的吸附容量为1.225mg·g-1,比对照组提高112%；木质素掺量为5%时,风成沙硝酸根和磷酸根吸附容量分别为0.0484mg·g-1和0.388mg·g-1,比对照组分别提高226%和948.65%。RLDPE的掺入使风成沙钾离子吸附容量下降,但在一定掺量条件下能够提高硝酸根和磷酸根离子吸附容量,当其掺量为10%时风成沙钾离子、硝酸根和磷酸根吸附容量分别为0.513 mg/g、0.0388 mg/g和0.052mg/g,提高率分别为-0.77%、201%和40.54%；皮胶的加入也会使风成沙钾离子吸附容量下降而使风成沙硝酸根和磷酸根吸附容量有一定程度的提高,当其掺量为5%时,风成沙钾离子、硝酸根和磷酸根吸附容量分别为0.580mg/g、-0.006 mg/g和0.105mg/g,提高率分别为-12.95%、84%和185.32%。三种材料对风成沙保肥能力促进作用大小为：木质素RLDPE皮胶。5、木质素、RLDPE和皮胶可以作为改良材料直接应用于风成沙水肥特性改良,但皮胶和RLDPE在风成沙中掺加量均不宜过大,皮胶掺量不宜超过15%,RLDPE掺量不宜超过10%,木质素掺量可适当增大。
文内图片：
图片说明：图２－１邋沙漠沙粒径分布逡逑Ｆｉｇ．邋２－１邋Ｐａｒｔｉｃｌｅ邋ｓｉ之ｅ邋ｄｉｓｔＨｂｕｔｉｏｎ邋ｏｆ邋ｄｅｓｅｒｔ邋ｓａｎｄ逡逑
[Abstract]:The paper takes the industrial wastes of the three industries of lignin, regenerated low-density polyethylene (RLDPE) and rubber glue as raw materials, and from the viewpoint of high-efficiency and environment-friendly recycling of waste resources and the treatment of soil desertification and desertification, The physical and physical characteristics of three kinds of materials and desert wind-forming sand and the influence of three kinds of materials on the physical and chemical properties of the desert and the application characteristics of the three kinds of materials on the physical and chemical properties of the desert were studied by means of physical blending. The results show that:1. The desert wind-forming sand used in this test is mainly fine sand, and the particle size is between 0.1 and 0.25 mm, accounting for over 80% of the total mass. The wind-forming particles mainly contain Si, O, Al, Ca and a small amount of K, Fe and Mg elements, and the wind-forming particles are mainly composed of silicon dioxide, potassium feldspar, albite, calcium carbonate, iron-containing calcium silicate and calcium-containing albite. The content of organic matter in the wind-forming sand is very low, and the total amount of C/ H/ N/ S is less than 1.5% in the total mass; C is the main component in the lignin, the RLDPE and the rubber, and the C/ H ratio is about 0.924 in the lignin, about 0.496 in the RLDPE and about 0.505.2 in the rubber, and the lignin, The addition of RLDPE and rubber has a catalytic effect on the increase of the saturated water content of the wind-forming sand, and when the content of the lignin/ RLDPE/ rubber is 10/15/20 (%), the saturated water content of the wind-forming sand is 73.39%, which is 3.87 times that of the control group, and the influence of the rubber and the RLDPE on the index reaches a very significant and a significant level respectively; The water content of the stable wilting reached the maximum of 23.72%, which increased by 1812.90% in comparison with the control group, and the effect of the skin glue reached a very significant level; the field water holding capacity of the soil sample was 162.56%, the increase of 716.88% compared with the control group, and the addition of the rubber and the RLDPE had a significant effect on the improvement of the water holding capacity of the wind-forming field. When the content of lignin/ RLDPE/ rubber is 10/20/20 (%), the effective water content of wind-forming sand is the largest and the effect of rubber and RLDPE on the index reaches a significant level. The effect of the three materials on the effective water content of the wind-forming sand is as follows: the optimum content of the three materials in the wind-forming sand is 20%,20% and 10%, respectively. The SEM analysis shows that the modified material can adhere to the surface of the wind-forming sand particles and promote the particle agglomeration. When the content of the RLDPE is 20%, the volume weight of the wind-forming sand is reduced to 0.91 g 路 cm-3, the specific gravity is reduced to 1.87, the bulk density and the specific gravity are decreased by 41.54% and 30.22%, respectively; when the content of the lignin is 20%, the volume weight and the specific gravity of the wind-forming sand are reduced to 1.31 g 路 cm-3 and 2.32, respectively, with the decrease of 16.03% and 13.43%, respectively; The volume weight and specific gravity of the wind-forming sand reached the minimum value of 1.34g 路 cm-3 and 2.28 respectively when the content of the rubber is 20%, and the falling amplitude is 14.1% and 14.93%, respectively, and the addition of the lignin, the RLDPE and the leather gum can reduce the volume weight and the specific gravity of the wind, And the effect of the RLDPE and the rubber gel on the volume weight and the specific gravity is up to a significant level. When the content of the rubber was 20%, the porosity of the wind-forming sand reached 41.23%, which decreased by 1.34% as compared with the control. The maximum porosity of the wind-forming sand was 46.12% when the content of the lignin was 10%, and the porosity was 51.32% when the content of the RLDPE was 20%, and it was 1.23 times that of the control group. When the content of lignin/ RLDPE/ rubber is 20/15/10 (%), the porosity of the wind-forming sand is 49.46%, the increase rate is 18.35%.4, when the lignin is mixed with 20%, the adsorption capacity of the wind-forming sand to the potassium ion is 1.225 mg 路 g-1, the increase of the lignin content is 112%, and when the content of the lignin is 5%, The adsorption capacity of nitrate and phosphate in the wind was 0.0484 mg 路 g-1 and 0.388 mg 路 g-1, respectively, compared with the control group by 226% and 948.65%, respectively. The adsorption capacity of nitrate and phosphate was 0.513 mg/ g, 0.0388 mg/ g and 0.052 mg/ g, respectively, and the improvement rate was-0.77%,201% and 40.54%, respectively, when its content was 10%, and the adsorption capacity of nitrate and phosphate was 0.513 mg/ g, 0.0388 mg/ g and 0.052 mg/ g, respectively. the adsorption capacity of the wind-forming nitrate and the phosphate radical is improved to a certain extent by the addition of the rubber, and the adsorption capacity of the wind-forming nitrate and the phosphate radical is 0.580 mg/ g,-0.006 mg/ g and 0.105 mg/ g, respectively, when the addition amount is 5%, The improvement rates were-12.95%,84% and 185.32%, respectively. The effect of three kinds of materials on the capacity of the wind-forming sand-protecting fertilizer is as follows: the lignin RLDPE rubber.5, the lignin, the RLDPE and the rubber can be directly applied to the improvement of the water and fertilizer characteristics of the wind-forming sand as the modified material, but the addition amount of the rubber and the RLDPE in the wind-forming sand is not too large, and the content of the rubber glue is not more than 15 percent, The content of RLDPE should not be more than 10%, and the content of lignin can be increased as appropriate.
【学位授予单位】：西南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S156.2
本文编号：2510945
文内图片：
图片说明：图２－１邋沙漠沙粒径分布逡逑Ｆｉｇ．邋２－１邋Ｐａｒｔｉｃｌｅ邋ｓｉ之ｅ邋ｄｉｓｔＨｂｕｔｉｏｎ邋ｏｆ邋ｄｅｓｅｒｔ邋ｓａｎｄ逡逑
[Abstract]:The paper takes the industrial wastes of the three industries of lignin, regenerated low-density polyethylene (RLDPE) and rubber glue as raw materials, and from the viewpoint of high-efficiency and environment-friendly recycling of waste resources and the treatment of soil desertification and desertification, The physical and physical characteristics of three kinds of materials and desert wind-forming sand and the influence of three kinds of materials on the physical and chemical properties of the desert and the application characteristics of the three kinds of materials on the physical and chemical properties of the desert were studied by means of physical blending. The results show that:1. The desert wind-forming sand used in this test is mainly fine sand, and the particle size is between 0.1 and 0.25 mm, accounting for over 80% of the total mass. The wind-forming particles mainly contain Si, O, Al, Ca and a small amount of K, Fe and Mg elements, and the wind-forming particles are mainly composed of silicon dioxide, potassium feldspar, albite, calcium carbonate, iron-containing calcium silicate and calcium-containing albite. The content of organic matter in the wind-forming sand is very low, and the total amount of C/ H/ N/ S is less than 1.5% in the total mass; C is the main component in the lignin, the RLDPE and the rubber, and the C/ H ratio is about 0.924 in the lignin, about 0.496 in the RLDPE and about 0.505.2 in the rubber, and the lignin, The addition of RLDPE and rubber has a catalytic effect on the increase of the saturated water content of the wind-forming sand, and when the content of the lignin/ RLDPE/ rubber is 10/15/20 (%), the saturated water content of the wind-forming sand is 73.39%, which is 3.87 times that of the control group, and the influence of the rubber and the RLDPE on the index reaches a very significant and a significant level respectively; The water content of the stable wilting reached the maximum of 23.72%, which increased by 1812.90% in comparison with the control group, and the effect of the skin glue reached a very significant level; the field water holding capacity of the soil sample was 162.56%, the increase of 716.88% compared with the control group, and the addition of the rubber and the RLDPE had a significant effect on the improvement of the water holding capacity of the wind-forming field. When the content of lignin/ RLDPE/ rubber is 10/20/20 (%), the effective water content of wind-forming sand is the largest and the effect of rubber and RLDPE on the index reaches a significant level. The effect of the three materials on the effective water content of the wind-forming sand is as follows: the optimum content of the three materials in the wind-forming sand is 20%,20% and 10%, respectively. The SEM analysis shows that the modified material can adhere to the surface of the wind-forming sand particles and promote the particle agglomeration. When the content of the RLDPE is 20%, the volume weight of the wind-forming sand is reduced to 0.91 g 路 cm-3, the specific gravity is reduced to 1.87, the bulk density and the specific gravity are decreased by 41.54% and 30.22%, respectively; when the content of the lignin is 20%, the volume weight and the specific gravity of the wind-forming sand are reduced to 1.31 g 路 cm-3 and 2.32, respectively, with the decrease of 16.03% and 13.43%, respectively; The volume weight and specific gravity of the wind-forming sand reached the minimum value of 1.34g 路 cm-3 and 2.28 respectively when the content of the rubber is 20%, and the falling amplitude is 14.1% and 14.93%, respectively, and the addition of the lignin, the RLDPE and the leather gum can reduce the volume weight and the specific gravity of the wind, And the effect of the RLDPE and the rubber gel on the volume weight and the specific gravity is up to a significant level. When the content of the rubber was 20%, the porosity of the wind-forming sand reached 41.23%, which decreased by 1.34% as compared with the control. The maximum porosity of the wind-forming sand was 46.12% when the content of the lignin was 10%, and the porosity was 51.32% when the content of the RLDPE was 20%, and it was 1.23 times that of the control group. When the content of lignin/ RLDPE/ rubber is 20/15/10 (%), the porosity of the wind-forming sand is 49.46%, the increase rate is 18.35%.4, when the lignin is mixed with 20%, the adsorption capacity of the wind-forming sand to the potassium ion is 1.225 mg 路 g-1, the increase of the lignin content is 112%, and when the content of the lignin is 5%, The adsorption capacity of nitrate and phosphate in the wind was 0.0484 mg 路 g-1 and 0.388 mg 路 g-1, respectively, compared with the control group by 226% and 948.65%, respectively. The adsorption capacity of nitrate and phosphate was 0.513 mg/ g, 0.0388 mg/ g and 0.052 mg/ g, respectively, and the improvement rate was-0.77%,201% and 40.54%, respectively, when its content was 10%, and the adsorption capacity of nitrate and phosphate was 0.513 mg/ g, 0.0388 mg/ g and 0.052 mg/ g, respectively. the adsorption capacity of the wind-forming nitrate and the phosphate radical is improved to a certain extent by the addition of the rubber, and the adsorption capacity of the wind-forming nitrate and the phosphate radical is 0.580 mg/ g,-0.006 mg/ g and 0.105 mg/ g, respectively, when the addition amount is 5%, The improvement rates were-12.95%,84% and 185.32%, respectively. The effect of three kinds of materials on the capacity of the wind-forming sand-protecting fertilizer is as follows: the lignin RLDPE rubber.5, the lignin, the RLDPE and the rubber can be directly applied to the improvement of the water and fertilizer characteristics of the wind-forming sand as the modified material, but the addition amount of the rubber and the RLDPE in the wind-forming sand is not too large, and the content of the rubber glue is not more than 15 percent, The content of RLDPE should not be more than 10%, and the content of lignin can be increased as appropriate.
【学位授予单位】：西南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S156.2
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前4条
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3 马艳平;周清;;中国土地沙漠化及治理方法现状[J];江苏环境科技;2007年S2期
4 李昌见;屈忠义;勾芒芒;苏永莉;霍星;;生物炭对土壤水肥利用效率与番茄生长影响研究[J];农业环境科学学报;2014年11期
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