川西亚高山森林凋落物不同分解阶段基质质量特征

发布时间：2019-08-10 12:13

【摘要】：采用空间代替时间的方法,以川西高山亚高山云杉(Picea asperata)人工林、冷杉(Abies faxoniana)天然林、杜鹃(Rhododendron lapponicum)矮曲林和白桦(Betula platyphylla Suk.)天然林4种典型林分类型下的3个层次[新鲜凋落物层(L)、发酵层(F)、腐殖质层(H)]凋落物为研究对象,分别模拟凋落物分解的前期、中期和后期阶段,对凋落物的基质质量,包括水溶性组分(WSC)及有机溶性组分(OSC)、酸溶性组分(ASE)及酸不溶性组分(AIR)的含量进行分析,以揭示亚高山森林不同分解阶段凋落物的质量特征。结果表明:4种林分类型凋落物的WSC、OSC、ASE含量均随分解的进行不断减少,且分解前期的淋溶释放量高于分解中后期,而AIR含量及表征4种凋落物酸溶性和酸不溶性组分含量相对比例的LCI指数(lignocellulose index)随分解的进行却呈现上升趋势。4种林分凋落物L层的WSC含量及白桦、冷杉、云杉凋落物L层OSC含量均显著高于相应F、H层,而F、H层间差异不显著;而杜鹃凋落物OSC含量则表现为L层F层H层,且各层间均差异显著。林分类型对凋落物分解过程中的WSC、OSC、AIR含量有极显著影响,但对ASE和LCI指数影响却不显著。4个林分比较而言,阔叶林凋落物的WSC、OSC含量高于针叶林,AIR含量低于针叶林,白桦WSC含量在L、F层均最高。研究认为,分解阶段和林分类型对川西亚高山森林凋落物基质质量具有重要影响,但对各组分的影响有所差异。研究结果对深入理解亚高山森林生态系统的物质循环具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Using the method of space instead of time, (Picea asperata) plantation, (Abies faxoniana) natural forest, (Rhododendron lapponicum) dwarf koji forest and (Betula platyphylla Suk.) of Betula platyphylla were used in the western Sichuan Alpine subalpine spruce plantation, Abies (Abies faxoniana) natural forest, Rhododendron Dwarf forest and Betula platyphylla. The litter of three layers under four typical stand types [fresh litter layer (L), fermentation layer (F), humus layer (H)] litter was studied. The matrix quality of litter, including water-soluble component (WSC), organic soluble component (OSC), acid-soluble component (ASE) and acid-insoluble component (AIR), was analyzed by simulating the early, middle and late stages of litter decomposition. In order to reveal the quality characteristics of litter in different decomposition stages of subalpine forest. The results showed that the WSC,OSC,ASE content of litter of four stand types decreased with the decomposition, and the leaching release amount in the early stage of decomposition was higher than that in the middle and late stage of decomposition, while the AIR content and the LCI index (lignocellulose index), which characterized the relative proportion of acid soluble and acid insoluble components in four kinds of litter, showed an upward trend with the decomposition. The WSC content in L layer of four stand litter and the WSC content of Betula platyphylla and Abies chinensis, The OSC content in L layer of spruce litter was significantly higher than that in F, H layer, but there was no significant difference between F and H layers. The OSC content of Rhododendron litter was L layer F layer H layer, and there was significant difference among each layer. Stand types had a significant effect on WSC,OSC,AIR content during litter decomposition, but had no significant effect on ASE and LCI index. compared with the four stands, the WSC,OSC content of litter in broad-leaf forest was higher than that in conifer forest, AIR content was lower than that in conifer forest, and Betula platyphylla WSC content was the highest in L and F layer. It is considered that the decomposition stage and stand type have important effects on the substrate quality of alpine forest litter in western Sichuan, but the effects on each component are different. The results are of great significance for understanding the material cycle of subalpine forest ecosystem.
【作者单位】：四川农业大学林学院长江上游林业生态工程重点实验室高山森林生态系统定位研究站;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(31570605,31200345) 大学生创新训练计划项目(1510626069)
【分类号】：S714

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