活化过硫酸盐氧化降解水中农药的研究
发布时间：2021-03-18 22:11
为了提高农作物的产量,为世界日益增长的人口提供充足的食物,施用农药治理虫害是至关重要的手段。然而,农药的滥用造成了土壤和水资源的污染,成为全世界关注的重要环境问题。因此,开发一种低成本高效率的技术去除水和废水中的农药至关重要。基于过硫酸盐（PS）的高级氧化技术是降解有机污染物的最有效的技术之一。在PS氧化降解污染物过程中,硫酸根自由基(SO4·-)起主要作用,羟基自由基（·OH）协同降解。由于PS高级氧化技术具有效率较高、反应速率快、稳定性强、操作简单和反应条件温和等优点,在污水处理领域已引起人们的广泛关注。本文着重于在实验室条件下通过化学活化PS氧化降解水中最常见的农药。在第一部分研究工作中,合成了氧化铜（Cu O）和Cu O/生物炭（BC）复合材料,并将其用于降解吡虫啉（IMI,一种在世界范围内广泛使用的新烟碱类农药）。结果表明,BC对Cu O活化PS降解污染物的性能没有促进作用。Cu O-PS体系和Cu O/BC-PS体系对污染物的降解效率均较低,并且仅在较窄的p H范围内才有降解效果;Cu O-PS体系和Cu O...
【文章来源】：华南理工大学广东省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直属院校
【文章页数】：175 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
摘要
ABSTRACT
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
CHAPTER1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
1.1.1 Imidacloprid
1.1.2 Methomyl
1.2 Advanced Oxidation Processes
1.3 Advanced oxidation based on activated persulfate
1.4 Persulfate Activation
1.4.1 Persulfate activation by heat（Thermal Activation）
1.4.2 Persulfate activation by ultraviolet irradiation（Photochemical activation）
1.4.3 Persulfate activation by base and ultrasonic
1.4.4 Persulfate activation by chemicals
1.5 Project and Thesis
1.5.1 Significance of the project
1.5.2 Objectives
1.5.3 Thesis structure
CHAPTER2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
2.1 Chemicals,reagents and water matrices
2.2 Synthesis of activators
2.2.1 Synthesis of biochar
2.2.2 Synthesis of copper oxide and copper oxide/biochar composite
2.2.3 Synthesis of magnetic biochar
2.3 Characterization and properties of activators
2.3.1 XRD analysis
2.3.2 FTIR analysis
2.3.3 EDS and SEM analyses
2.3.4 BET analysis
CHAPTER3 DEGRADATION OF IMIDACLOPRID BY COPPER OXIDE-PERSULFATE SYSTEM
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Materials and Methods
3.2.1 Chemicals,reagents and activators
3.2.2 Experimental procedure
3.2.3 Analytical procedure
3.3 Result and Discussion
3.3.1 Effect of p H on degradation
3.3.2 Effect of persulfate concentration on degradation
3.3.3 Persulfate decomposition by copper oxide
3.3.4 Effect of copper oxide’s dosage on degradation
3.3.5 Effect of temperature on degradation
3.3.6 Mineralization of imidacloprid
3.3.7 Assessment of copper oxide’s stability
3.3.8 Assessment of the applicability of copper oxide-persulfate system
3.3.9 Mechanism of persulfate activation
3.4 Conclusions
CHAPTER4 DEGRADATION OF IMIDACLOPRID BY PYRITE-PERSULFATE SYSTEM
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Materials and Methods
4.2.1 Chemicals,reagents and activators
4.2.2 Experimental procedure
4.2.3 Analytical procedure
4.3 Result and Discussion
4.3.1 Comparison of the efficiency of activators
4.3.2 Effect of p H on degradation
4.3.3 Effect of persulfate concentration on degradation
4.3.4 Persulfate decomposition by pyrite
4.3.5 Effect of pyrite dosage on degradation
4.3.6 Effect of temperature on degradation
4.3.7 Mineralization of imidacloprid
4.3.8 Assessment of pyrite’s stability
4.3.9 Assessment of the applicability of pyrite-persulfate system
4.3.10 Mechanism of persulfate activation
4.4 Conclusions
CHAPTER5 DEGRADATION OF IMIDACLOPRID BY ZERO-VALENT IRON-PERSULFATE SYSTEM
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Materials and Methods
5.2.1 Chemicals and reagents
5.2.2 Experimental procedure
5.2.3 Analytical procedure
5.3 Result and Discussion
5.3.1 Effect of persulfate concentration on degradation
5.3.2 Persulfate decomposition by zero-valent iron at applied persulfate concentrations
5.3.3 Effect of zero-valent iron’s dosage on degradation
5.3.4 Concentration of ferrous ion in n ZVI-PS system
5.3.5 Effect of imidacloprid concentration on degradation
5.3.6 Effect of temperature on degradation
5.3.7 Effect of p H on degradation
5.3.8 Mineralization of imidacloprid
5.3.9 Assessment of zero-valent iron stability
5.3.10 Identification and the role of reactive oxygen species
5.3.11 Assessment of applicability of zero-valent iron-persulfate system
5.3.12 Identification of degradation products
5.4 Conclusions
CHAPTER6 DEGRADATION OF METHOMYL BY ZERO-VALENT IRON-PERSULFATE/PEROXYMONOSULFATE SYSTEM
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Materials and Methods
6.2.1 Chemicals,reagents and activators
6.2.2 Experimental procedure
6.2.3 Analytical procedure
6.3 Result and Discussion
6.3.1 Effect of activator dosage on degradation
6.3.2 Identification and the role of reactive oxygen species
6.3.3 Assessment of the concentration of peroxymonosulfate anion in applied systems
6.3.4 Effect of peroxymonosulfate concentration on degradation
6.3.5 Effect of methomyl concentration on degradation
6.3.6 Effect of p H on degradation
6.3.7 Effect of temperature on degradation
6.3.8 Mineralization of methomyl
6.3.9 Assessment of the applicability of Peroxymonosulfate-Only system
6.3.10 Identification of degradation products
6.4 Conclusions
Chapter7 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
7.1 Conclusions
7.2 Recommendations
REFERENCES
攻读博士学位期间取得的研究成果
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
附件
本文编号：3089011
【文章来源】：华南理工大学广东省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直属院校
【文章页数】：175 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
摘要
ABSTRACT
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
CHAPTER1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
1.1.1 Imidacloprid
1.1.2 Methomyl
1.2 Advanced Oxidation Processes
1.3 Advanced oxidation based on activated persulfate
1.4 Persulfate Activation
1.4.1 Persulfate activation by heat（Thermal Activation）
1.4.2 Persulfate activation by ultraviolet irradiation（Photochemical activation）
1.4.3 Persulfate activation by base and ultrasonic
1.4.4 Persulfate activation by chemicals
1.5 Project and Thesis
1.5.1 Significance of the project
1.5.2 Objectives
1.5.3 Thesis structure
CHAPTER2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
2.1 Chemicals,reagents and water matrices
2.2 Synthesis of activators
2.2.1 Synthesis of biochar
2.2.2 Synthesis of copper oxide and copper oxide/biochar composite
2.2.3 Synthesis of magnetic biochar
2.3 Characterization and properties of activators
2.3.1 XRD analysis
2.3.2 FTIR analysis
2.3.3 EDS and SEM analyses
2.3.4 BET analysis
CHAPTER3 DEGRADATION OF IMIDACLOPRID BY COPPER OXIDE-PERSULFATE SYSTEM
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Materials and Methods
3.2.1 Chemicals,reagents and activators
3.2.2 Experimental procedure
3.2.3 Analytical procedure
3.3 Result and Discussion
3.3.1 Effect of p H on degradation
3.3.2 Effect of persulfate concentration on degradation
3.3.3 Persulfate decomposition by copper oxide
3.3.4 Effect of copper oxide’s dosage on degradation
3.3.5 Effect of temperature on degradation
3.3.6 Mineralization of imidacloprid
3.3.7 Assessment of copper oxide’s stability
3.3.8 Assessment of the applicability of copper oxide-persulfate system
3.3.9 Mechanism of persulfate activation
3.4 Conclusions
CHAPTER4 DEGRADATION OF IMIDACLOPRID BY PYRITE-PERSULFATE SYSTEM
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Materials and Methods
4.2.1 Chemicals,reagents and activators
4.2.2 Experimental procedure
4.2.3 Analytical procedure
4.3 Result and Discussion
4.3.1 Comparison of the efficiency of activators
4.3.2 Effect of p H on degradation
4.3.3 Effect of persulfate concentration on degradation
4.3.4 Persulfate decomposition by pyrite
4.3.5 Effect of pyrite dosage on degradation
4.3.6 Effect of temperature on degradation
4.3.7 Mineralization of imidacloprid
4.3.8 Assessment of pyrite’s stability
4.3.9 Assessment of the applicability of pyrite-persulfate system
4.3.10 Mechanism of persulfate activation
4.4 Conclusions
CHAPTER5 DEGRADATION OF IMIDACLOPRID BY ZERO-VALENT IRON-PERSULFATE SYSTEM
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Materials and Methods
5.2.1 Chemicals and reagents
5.2.2 Experimental procedure
5.2.3 Analytical procedure
5.3 Result and Discussion
5.3.1 Effect of persulfate concentration on degradation
5.3.2 Persulfate decomposition by zero-valent iron at applied persulfate concentrations
5.3.3 Effect of zero-valent iron’s dosage on degradation
5.3.4 Concentration of ferrous ion in n ZVI-PS system
5.3.5 Effect of imidacloprid concentration on degradation
5.3.6 Effect of temperature on degradation
5.3.7 Effect of p H on degradation
5.3.8 Mineralization of imidacloprid
5.3.9 Assessment of zero-valent iron stability
5.3.10 Identification and the role of reactive oxygen species
5.3.11 Assessment of applicability of zero-valent iron-persulfate system
5.3.12 Identification of degradation products
5.4 Conclusions
CHAPTER6 DEGRADATION OF METHOMYL BY ZERO-VALENT IRON-PERSULFATE/PEROXYMONOSULFATE SYSTEM
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Materials and Methods
6.2.1 Chemicals,reagents and activators
6.2.2 Experimental procedure
6.2.3 Analytical procedure
6.3 Result and Discussion
6.3.1 Effect of activator dosage on degradation
6.3.2 Identification and the role of reactive oxygen species
6.3.3 Assessment of the concentration of peroxymonosulfate anion in applied systems
6.3.4 Effect of peroxymonosulfate concentration on degradation
6.3.5 Effect of methomyl concentration on degradation
6.3.6 Effect of p H on degradation
6.3.7 Effect of temperature on degradation
6.3.8 Mineralization of methomyl
6.3.9 Assessment of the applicability of Peroxymonosulfate-Only system
6.3.10 Identification of degradation products
6.4 Conclusions
Chapter7 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
7.1 Conclusions
7.2 Recommendations
REFERENCES
攻读博士学位期间取得的研究成果
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
附件
本文编号：3089011
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