电机控制器控制参数计算、传递与监测系统

发布时间：2018-01-13 10:37

本文关键词：电机控制器控制参数计算、传递与监测系统　出处：《吉林大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：纯电动汽车作为当下新能源汽车发展的主要方向,使得对其核心的电驱动系统性能的研究和发展成为热门话题。电驱动系统的性能主要体现在以下两个方面:一是控制器的性能及对电机的控制效果;二是电机本身的性能。而这两个方面,均依托于各类参数的准确性和合理性。参数的准确和合理,又与计算、控制方法,处理及传递方式,监测调试息息相关。因此,本课题在设计电机控制器软件部分的基础之上,又研发了整套系统,该系统用于参数的计算、传递与监测。系统参数是电机控制的基础。电机参数会影响矢量控制的准确性;控制算法参数会影响电机的运行效果,包括最大功率、最大输出扭矩、运行状态改变时的响应速度、平稳度等;硬件参数、保护参数等,将影响整个系统运行所应用的物理量的准确性,以及整个电机驱动系统运行的安全性和可靠性。因此,各项参数对于电机控制器的工作状态,和电机控制器对于电机的控制效果,有着至关重要的作用。该课题深入分析、研究了整个系统控制策略以及各部分调控、工作所需的基本参数,以及各控制方法的参数计算过程。本课题所设计的电机控制器控制参数计算、传递与监测系统,对所有参数进行了基础设定和进一步的计算处理,同时,设计并实现了PC机参数管理软件的人机交互界面,使得在控制器固化的条件下,可以在外部进行参数的修改,方便与不同电机的匹配及电机运行的调试。参数设定和计算完成后,PC机将所有参数通过CAN通讯的方式,传递至电机控制器的MCU(单片机),MCU将其写入Flash,这样可以避免参数的丢失、错误,同时提高MCU的处理速度。PC机监测软件通过CAN协议与MCU进行通讯,通过上位机界面实时监控电机控制器及整个电机驱动系统的工作状态,以便于调试,以及指导控制参数的修改。该课题的研究和应用,克服了原有系统中参数零散、分散的问题,使电机驱动系统所有的参数集中化、一体化、智能化、可视化,同时,完善的上位机软件提高了系统的人机交互性和实时性,做到了系统参数的可设置、可更改、运行状态的可监测,提高了控制器应用对象——电机的可更换性,构成了完整的计算、传递与监测系统。另一方面,本课题所研发的电机控制器,融合了整车控制器的部分功能——内部设计了整车处理模块,并增加了钥匙门、加速踏板、刹车踏板等开关量和模拟量信号的处理模块。此外,该控制器也增加了电池系统的功能,即控制器母线电压Vdc的管理、保护。上述原因,增大了参数的复杂性和传递链接的难度,也就使得所设计的参数系统愈加重要。
[Abstract]:Pure electric vehicle as the main direction of the development of new energy vehicles. It makes the research and development of the performance of its core electric drive system become a hot topic. The performance of the electric drive system is mainly reflected in the following two aspects: first, the performance of the controller and the control effect on the motor; The second is the performance of the motor itself. And these two aspects depend on the accuracy and rationality of all kinds of parameters, the accuracy and reasonableness of the parameters, and the calculation, control methods, treatment and transmission methods. Monitoring and debugging is closely related. Therefore, based on the design of motor controller software, the whole system is developed, which is used to calculate the parameters. Transmission and monitoring. System parameters are the basis of motor control. Motor parameters will affect the accuracy of vector control. The parameters of the control algorithm will affect the performance of the motor, including the maximum power, the maximum output torque, the response speed and the smoothness when the running state changes. Hardware parameters and protection parameters will affect the accuracy of the physical quantities used in the operation of the whole system, as well as the safety and reliability of the whole motor drive system. The parameters are very important to the working state of the motor controller and the motor controller to the control effect of the motor. The basic parameters needed for the work and the calculation process of the parameters of each control method. The control parameter calculation, transmission and monitoring system of the motor controller designed in this paper. At the same time, the man-machine interface of the PC parameter management software is designed and implemented, which makes the controller solidified. Parameters can be modified on the outside to facilitate the matching with different motors and the debugging of motor operation. After the parameter setting and calculation is completed, the PC can communicate all the parameters through CAN. MCU (MCU / MCU), which is passed to the motor controller, writes it into Flash, which can avoid the loss of parameters and errors. At the same time, it can improve the processing speed of MCU. PC monitor software communicates with MCU through CAN protocol, and monitors the working state of motor controller and the whole motor drive system through the interface of upper computer. In order to facilitate debugging, and guide the modification of control parameters. The research and application of this subject overcomes the problem of scattered and dispersed parameters in the original system, and makes all parameters of motor drive system centralized and integrated. Intelligent, visual, at the same time, the improved PC software improves the man-machine interaction and real-time of the system, so that the system parameters can be set, can be changed, and the running state can be monitored. It improves the interchangeability of the motor, which is the application object of the controller, and constitutes a complete calculation, transmission and monitoring system. On the other hand, the motor controller is developed in this paper. Some functions of the whole vehicle controller are integrated-the whole vehicle processing module is designed internally, and the signal processing module of switch quantity and analog quantity such as key door, accelerator pedal and brake pedal are added. The controller also increases the function of battery system, that is, the management and protection of bus voltage Vdc. For the above reasons, the complexity of parameters and the difficulty of transferring links are increased. This makes the designed parameter system more important.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U469.72

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