基于多目标优化的商用车门结构轻量化研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 20:12

本文关键词： 车门轻量化多目标优化刚度和模态抗凹性安全性　出处：《中南林业科技大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近些年来,资源消耗和环境污染给汽车行业的发展提出了越来越高的要求,汽车轻量化即是解决上述问题的有效手段之一。车门作为汽车相对独立的重要组成部分,因其特殊的性能使得对车门进行轻量化研究需要遵循一定的科学方法。本文依托重庆长安汽车公司的商用车开发项目,针对具有较大尺寸的商用车门结构,围绕车门的刚度、模态、抗凹性和安全性等性能要求,对其刚度和模态进行了多目标优化并对优化结果进行了安全性验证。论文的主要研究工作如下：1、首先建立商用车左前门的有限元模型,按照某公司的抗凹性分析规范对车门外板的抗凹性进行分析并根据分析结果提出优化方案。优化方案的使用使车门外板的抗凹性能满足了企业低于1 mm的变形要求。2、按照刚度和模态分析规范,对抗凹性优化后的车门建立起垂向、窗框角部、上部扭转和下部扭转的刚度工况及车门的自由模态工况,经与企业的内部标准进行对比,从而判断出车门的刚度和模态性能。此外,针对车门的垂向和窗框角部刚度及一阶弯曲和一阶扭转模态进行实验验证。3、针对车门刚度和模态性能的分析结果,采用主效应法筛选出具有优化潜力的设计变量,再由Hammersley抽样对车门结构进行试验设计,利用得到的样本点拟合出具有较高精度的车门各刚度和模态工况响应及质量响应的二次多项式响应面模型。以某公司的性能指标为约束,以质量最低为目标运用序列二次规划法对近似模型进行优化。针对优化结果的有效性和可靠性对车门的抗凹性、刚度和模态性能进行验证。4、阐述碰撞过程中LS-dyna的接触理论和欧洲NCAP侧面刚性柱碰撞法规,并建立轻量化后车门的侧面刚性柱碰撞模型。通过将碰撞过程中各考察点的侵入速度和侵入量与企业标准进行对比,从而对商用车门的侧面被动安全性进行评价。
[Abstract]:In recent years, put forward higher requirement of resource consumption and environmental pollution to the development of automobile industry, automobile lightweight is one of the effective means to solve these problems. As an important part of the automobile door relatively independent, because of its special properties due to the door for the lightweight research needs to follow certain scientific methods. On the basis of the Changan Automobile Co of Chongqing commercial vehicle development projects for commercial door structure with large size, around the door stiffness, modal requirements dent resistance and safety performance, the multi-objective optimization and the optimization results are verified for safety on the stiffness and mode. The main research work are as follows: 1. The finite element model is firstly established in accordance with the commercial vehicle left the front door, and analyzed according to the results of the analysis provided a company analysis of concave dent resistance of the outer door plate An optimization scheme optimization scheme. The use of denting the outer door plate to meet the business requirements of 1 mm below the.2 deformation, stiffness and modal analysis in accordance with the specification, against the concavity of the optimized door set up vertical window frame, corners, free modal stiffness and torsion condition condition of upper and lower door torsion the classics were compared with the internal standard, in order to determine the door stiffness and modal performance. In addition, the door and window frame vertical angle stiffness and bending and torsion modal experiments are carried out to verify the.3, according to the analysis result of door rigidity and modal properties, screening with the design variables optimization potential method using the main effect, then the Hammersley sampling of the door structure test design, the sample points are fitted with high precision the door stiffness and modal response condition and quality response two The polynomial response surface model. The performance index of a company as constraints, to the quality goal of minimum two quadratic programming method to optimize the sequence approximate model. According to the dent resistance validity and reliability of the optimization results, the stiffness and modal performance verified.4, describes the LS-dyna contact theory in the process of collision and the European side of NCAP rigid column side collision regulations, rigid column collision model and the establishment of the lightweight rear door. The collision point in the process of the investigation and comparison of intrusion intrusion velocity and enterprise standard, to evaluate the side passive safety of commercial door.

【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U463.834

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