基于驾驶分心行为的车载信息装置测评研究

发布时间：2018-01-26 22:00

本文关键词： 车载信息装置驾驶分心驾驶行为层次分析法评价　出处：《北京理工大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着信息和通讯技术的迅速发展,车载信息装置在车辆上逐渐普及,车载信息系统应用相关的驾驶分心行为日益增多,影响了驾驶人及时、准确地获取各种交通信息,易于引发道路交通事故,对交通安全具有重大的影响。研究使用车载信息装置对驾驶行为产生的影响,提出车载信息装置的测评方法,为车载信息装置的设计和使用提供依据,可最大化地发挥其积极作用,提高驾驶安全性。本文分析了驾驶行为的信息加工机理,驾驶行为下的注意分配特性以及驾驶分心对驾驶行为的影响。基于虚拟驾驶仿真平台,以调节收音机为例,进行了正常驾驶、使用不同交互方式(按键式、触摸屏式、语音控制式)的车载信息装置的驾驶分心实验。应用外周视觉任务检测法(Peripheral Detection Task,PDT)测量驾驶人反应时间、PDT目标命中率;用眼动测量法测量驾驶人视线离开路面的平均时间、视线离开路面的总时间;使用NASA-TLX主观评定量表进行驾驶人脑力负荷的评价。此外,还采集了车速变化的数据。基于实验数据,分析使用车载信息装置对驾驶人反应能力、视觉特性、脑力负荷及车辆速度保持能力四个方面的影响。发现使用不同交互方式的车载信息装置对驾驶行为的影响程度不同。使用触摸屏式车载信息装置需要更多的心理资源,对驾驶行为产生了更多的负面影响。与触摸屏式相比,按键式与语音控制式影响较小。语音控制式由于操作时不需要注视车载信息装置,在视觉特性方面,明显优于其他两种方式,但在脑力负荷方面,由于理解语音信息需经过较复杂的认知过程,造成的认知荷载大,故影响最大。构建多层次的评价指标体系,选择层次分析法作为评价方法,并对按键式、触摸屏式、语音控制式车载信息装置进行评价,结合实验结果,验证评价方法的正确性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of information and communication technology, vehicle-borne information devices are becoming more and more popular on vehicles, and the driving distractions related to the application of on-board information systems are increasing day by day, which affects the drivers' timeliness. Accurate access to all kinds of traffic information is easy to lead to road traffic accidents, which has a significant impact on traffic safety. The evaluation method of vehicle information device is put forward to provide the basis for the design and use of vehicle information device, which can maximize its positive role and improve driving safety. This paper analyzes the mechanism of information processing of driving behavior. Based on the virtual driving simulation platform, taking the radio as an example, normal driving is carried out, and different interaction modes (press key) are used. Touch screen, voice control) vehicle information device driving distraction experiment. Peripheral Detection Task is applied to peripheral visual task detection. The response time of the driver and the hit ratio of the PDT target were measured by PDT. The average time of the driver's line of sight from the road surface and the total time of the line of sight away from the road surface were measured by eye movement measurement. The NASA-TLX subjective rating scale was used to evaluate the mental load of the driver. In addition, the data of the speed change were collected. Based on the experimental data, the reaction ability of the vehicle information device to the driver was analyzed. Visual properties. The effects of mental load and vehicle speed retention ability. It was found that different interactive vehicle information devices have different influence on driving behavior. The use of touch screen vehicle information devices requires more psychology. Resources. Compared with the touch screen type, the key type and the voice control type have less influence. The voice control type does not need to pay attention to the vehicle information device because of the operation, so it has the visual characteristic aspect. Obviously better than the other two ways, but in terms of mental load, as the understanding of speech information needs to go through a more complex cognitive process, resulting in a large cognitive load, so the impact is the greatest. Build a multi-level evaluation index system. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is selected as the evaluation method, and the vehicle information devices of key type, touch screen type and voice control type are evaluated, and the correctness of the evaluation method is verified by combining the experimental results.
【学位授予单位】：北京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U463.6

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