汽油发动机生命周期能源消耗和环境影响评价

发布时间：2018-03-04 09:01

本文选题：汽油发动机　切入点：生命周期评价　出处：《环境科学学报》2016年08期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：本研究应用生命周期评价方法,依据ISO 14040和ISO 14044等国际标准,通过中国某汽车生产企业的实地调研,核算了汽油发动机的累积能源需求(CED)、全球增温潜势(GWP 100 a)、酸化潜势(AP)、光化学氧化剂形成潜势(POCP)和富营养化潜势(EP)这5个方面的环境影响.结果表明,各类型的环境影响指标中,均是使用阶段的贡献最大,占贡献总量的48%~94%;其次是原材料的获取阶段,原材料的获取阶段对于AP与EP的贡献大于44%,而对于其他类别的环境影响的贡献在9%~27%之间;生产阶段对各种环境影响的贡献小于8%.本研究辨识了汽油发动机全生命周期重大环境影响过程和关键贡献因素,为绿色发动机的设计研发及政府政策的制定提供决策支持.
[Abstract]:According to the international standards such as ISO 14040 and ISO 14044, the life cycle evaluation method is applied to the field investigation of an automobile manufacturing enterprise in China. The environmental effects of the accumulative energy demand of gasoline engines (CED), global warming potential (GWP100aN), acidizing potential (APP), photochemical oxidant formation potential (POCPP) and eutrophication potential (EPP) are calculated. The results show that, among the various environmental impact indicators, The contribution to AP and EP in the acquisition stage of raw materials is greater than that in AP and EP, while the contribution to the other types of environmental impact is between 927% and 27%, while the contribution to the use stage is the largest, accounting for 48% of the total contribution, followed by the acquisition stage of raw materials, the contribution of which to AP and EP is greater than 44%. The contribution of production stage to various environmental impacts is less than 8%. In this study, the major environmental impact processes and key contribution factors of gasoline engine life cycle are identified, which provide decision support for the design and development of green engine and the formulation of government policy.
【作者单位】：中国汽车技术研究中心;
【分类号】：U464.171;X82

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